Ans: (c) CD 4 count . HIV RNA (viral load ) and CD4 T lymphocyte (CD4) cell count are the two surrogate markers of antiretrovials treatment(ART) responses and HIV disease progression that have been used for decades to manage and monitor HIV infection. Viral load is a marker of response to ART.
Which of the following HIV tests is the assay for determining response to anti-retrovirals? a. serum...
80. How is Western blot for HIV reported? 81. Interpret the following results: Anti-HIV by ELISA: Positive twice, Western blot: Negative 82. What is the name of the method in which viral DNA from infected cells is amplified, then identified using a labeled nucleic acid probe? 83. What level of CD4 cells is diagnostic of AIDS? 84. What is the CD4:CD8 ratio in AIDS? 85. Which test provides an estimate of the AIDS patient’s immune system and risk of opportunistic...
66. Interpret the following test results: HBsAg: Positive, HBeAg: Positive, Anti-HBc IgM: Positive 67. Interpret the following test results: HBsAg: negative, HBeAg: negative, Anti-HBc: positive, Anti-HBs: Positive, Anti-HBe: Positive 68. Interpret the following test results: HBsAg: Positive, HBeAg: Positive, Anti-HBc: Positive, Anti-HBs: negative, Anti-HBe: negative 69. Why is there heightened concern about HCV? 70. Who should be screened for hepatitis C? 71. How is hepatitis C diagnosed? 72. Which type of hepatitis is extremely severe and only found in patients...
Question one (Five Parts): A. Which tests detect anti-HIV antibodies? I. PCER and Western Blot II. Gene probe and ELISAC II. PCRA and gene probe IV. ELISA and Western Blot B. On the federal level, HIV testing has been mandatory for_since 1985 I. all federal employees Il. all healthcare workers II. all immigrants IV. all members of the armed forces C. Which of the following is an example of a question that promotes client-centered HIV prevention counseling? I. Have you...
Elisa Test The standard test for the HIV virus is the Elisa test, which tests for the presence of HIV antibodies. If an individual does not have the HIV virus, the test will come back negative for the presence of HIV antibodies 99.8% of the time and will come back positive for the presence of HIV antibodies 0.2% of the time (a false positive). If an individual has the HIV virus, the test will come back positive 99.8% of the...
A nurse experienced an accidental needle stick while treating a patient who has hepatitis C. The seroconversion window for hepatitis C is approximately 6-8 weeks. Given this information, which of the following viral detection methods would be most appropriate for detecting a hepatitis C infection in the nurse one week following the needle stick? A nurse experienced an accidental needle stick while treating a patient who has hepatitis C. The seroconversion window for hepatitis C is approximately 6-8 weeks. Given...
You must choose between two widely accepted, commonly used colorimetric enzyme immunoassay kits to measure a plasma protein that circulates at a moderately high concentration. Each kit uses a different enzyme and substrate. What is the most important consideration in making your choice? A. Shelf life of reagents B. Speed of detection C. Wavelengths detected by microtiter plate reader D. Sensitivity Which assay format is the best choice for measuring small molecules, such as drugs and small peptide hormones? A....
A study is conducted in patients with HIV. The primary outcome is CD4 cell count, which is the measure of the stage of the disease. A regression analysis is performed relating CD4 count to the duration of HIV in years. The computer output appears below: Parameter STD Error T Value PR > T Intercept 511.91 70.3212 136.72 0.0052 Duration -30.87 14.35 -29.34 0.0038 The fitted regression line is: A: Y= 511.91 - 30.87X B: Y = -30.87 + 511.91X C:...
please help thanks!
1. Antibodies that are produced in an individual in response to antigen X from species Y but are able to bind to an unrelated antigen A from species B are referred to as: a. cold agglutinins b. heterophile agglutinins c. auto agglutinins d. febrile agglutinins 2. The Rheumatoid Factor is primarily an IgM immunoglobulin against the patient's own: a. Fc mu region b. Fc gamma region c. Fab gamma region d. Fab mu region 3. Clumping and...
ELISA-HIV Testing DATA SHEET RESULTS For each of the following, report the color and indicate whether the result was positive or negative. Neg.control: negative Donorl: negative Pos. control: positive Donor 2: positive Based on your results, which donor has been exposed to HIV? Donor 2 QUESTIONS 1 Describe the purpose of the two controls. The purpose of the two controls is to show what the positive and negative would look like, and it also helps determine it the experiment was...
Which technique is the most commonly employed for the detection of malonaldehyde formation? a) Comet assay b) TUNEL assay c) Griess assay d) Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance assay e) EPR spin trapping