Question

1. Discuss the process of carrier mediated endocytosis in detail and provide an example in the human body

2. Discuss all transport types involved in the transport of glucose from the intestines to the blood stream

3. What is the consequence of plasmolysis for plants?

4. What type of adhering junctions are there and what is the functions?

Answer 1

1) facilitated diffusion, also called carrier mediated endocytosis. it is the movement of molecules across the cell membrane via special transport proteins that are embedded in the plasma membrane. example sodium potassium pump. they are of active and passive. active is against the concentration gradient from lower concentration to higher concentration by the help of carrier molecule and passive is the movement of molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration with the help of carrier protein.

2) facilitated diffusion and active transport of glucose.

the sugar glucose is transported by active transport from the gut in to the intestinal epithelial cells, but by facilitated diffusion across the membrane of red blood cells.

3) plasmolysis is the shrinking of the cytoplasm of the plant cell in response to diffusion of water out of the cell in to a high salt concentration solution. during plasmolysis the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall.

4) three type of adhering junctions

• gap junction ( communication junction)
• anchoring junction
• tight junction (occluding junction)