Phenyl acetate has a hydrolysis half-life of 38 days at pH 7. However, if the phenyl group has two nitro ( NO2) substituents added (in ortho- and para- positions), k′n becomes 1.1 × 10− 5/sec, and kb becomes 9.4 × 101/(M sec). ka can be neglected.
a. Which compound hydrolyzes more rapidly at pH 7?
b. A mole of the dinitrophenyl acetate and a mole of a tracer, sodium bromide, are spilled into a river, in which average velocity is 0.5 m/sec and discharge is 7 m3/sec. If the longitudinal dispersion coefficient is 0.01 m2/sec, determine the maximum bromide and dinitrophenyl acetate concentrations expected 8 km downstream, if river pH is 7.
a) Since the k value of para position is high and they are more stable than ortho position (NO2)
The ortho positioned substituent hydrolyzes more rapidly at pH 7
Phenyl acetate has a hydrolysis half-life of 38 days at pH 7. However, if the phenyl...