Question

In a galvanic cell, map the flow of electrons. Where do they move to, through, and from and use the names of the parts of the cell.

Answer 1

1. Parts of the Galvanic Cell:

• Anode: Electrode where oxidation occurs (loses electrons).

• Cathode: Electrode where reduction occurs (gains electrons).

• Salt Bridge: Maintains charge balance by allowing ion flow (not electrons!).

• External Wire: Pathway for electron flow from anode to cathode.

• Electrolyte Solutions: Contain ions that react at each electrode.

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2. Step-by-Step Electron Flow:

1. From the Anode:

• Oxidation reaction releases electrons (e.g., $\text{Zn}\to {\text{Zn}}^{2+}+2e^{-}$).

• Electrons leave the anode and enter the external wire.

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2. Through the External Wire:

• Electrons travel from the anode to the cathode (this is the useful current for devices).

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3. To the Cathode:

• Electrons are consumed in the reduction reaction (e.g., ${\text{Cu}}^{2+}+2e^{-}\to \text{Cu}$).

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3. Ion Flow (Salt Bridge):

• Anode side: Gains positive ions (e.g., ${\text{Zn}}^{2+}$), so negative ions (like ${\text{NO}}_3^{-}$) from the salt bridge migrate here.

• Cathode side: Loses positive ions (e.g., ${\text{Cu}}^{2+}$), so positive ions (like ${\text{K}}^{+}$) from the salt bridge migrate here.