Question

Catarrhine primates develop upper molars with an additional cusp termed the hypocone. The lower molars are also modified, losing the paraconid and reducing the hypoconulid. In both cases, the tooth becomes four-sided, or _______________.

	a.	trilateral
	b.	trigon
	c.	hexagonal
	d.	quadrate

The upper and lower cheek teeth of catarrhine primates have low, rounded cusps and are termed bunodont. Species with bunodont teeth often have __________.

	a.	meat diets
	b.	broad diets
	c.	vegetation diets
	d.	fruit diets

Some catarrhine primates develop ridges between the cusps, running across the teeth, to produce a strong grinding surface. This type of tooth is ______________.

	a.	bilophodont
	b.	crested
	c.	carnassial
	d.	lophodont

f I have just the skull of a haplorhine primate, how would I tell if it's a catarrhine or platyrrhine?

	a.	Catarrhines have two premolars, while Platyrrhines have only three.
	b.	Catarrhines have three premolars, while Platyrrhines have only two.
	c.	Catarrhines have nostrils displaced laterally, while Platyrrhines have centrally convergent nostrils.
	d.	Catarrhines have centrally convergent nostrils, while Platyrrhines have nostrils displaced laterally.

Again, just having a skull, how would I tell if the catarrhine (at least I figured that out) was a hominoid or some other catarrhine monkey?

	a.	Fighting fangs
	b.	carnassial premolars
	c.	unspecialized Y-5 molar pattern
	d.	bilophodonty

Answer 1

1. d. Quadrate

2. c. Vegetarian diet- meant for grinding

3.d. Lophodont

4.a.Catarrhines have two premolar while platyrrhine have only 3.