Question

1) What’s the purpose of an electric field and how is its value dependent on the amount of charge and distance between the charge and point in space?

2) What’s the difference between the electric field and the electric potential and voltage?

3) What happens to the electric fields near conductors and insulators (include visual representation please)?

Answer 1

1.electric field is a region around the charge particle in which its influence felt. With in that region only it exerts force on the other charge . outside it won't exert force . magnitude of influence is different for different points in nonuniform field . that magnitude of influence is given by intensity of electric field .

(Definition) intensity of electric field at point in electric field is defined as force acting on unit positive test charge placed at that point

Electric field is different for different points . on a 'q' charge if 'F' force is acting at a point in field then electric field at that point is

  

Electric field due to point charge is nonuniform. Electric field due to charge 'q' at a distance 'r' from it is

2 . electric field present around the charge either positive or negative charge .it is a vector . electric fied measured in newtons per coulomb .

Electric potential at point in a field is defined as work done in moving a a unit positive test charge for infinity to that point

It is scalar . if 'w' is done in bringing a charge 'q' from infinity to a point then potential at that point is defined as

Voltage is S.I unit of potential

3. Electric field lines do not pass in side the conductor . because conductors contains free changes .end at surface and perpendicular to the surface .

Insulator contains bounded charge in atoms . however a insulator can have electric field inside it