Question

Short Answer Identification: you will be required to identify 5 items from the list below. Be sure to include information about who, what, when, where, and why the item is historically significant.

1. Joseph Stalin

2. Catherine the Great

3. Mohandas Gandhi

4. Otto von Bismarck

Answer 1

1. Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet politician who led the Soviet Union from the mid–1920s until 1953 as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and Premier.Joseph Stalin (1878-1953) was the dictator of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) from 1929 to 1953. Under Stalin, the Soviet Union was transformed from a peasant society into an industrial and military superpower. However, he ruled by terror, and millions of his own citizens died during his brutal reign.He rose to power as General Secretary of the Communist Party, becoming a Soviet dictator after the death of Vladimir Lenin.Stalinism is associated with a regime of terror and totalitarian rule. It is Joseph Stalin who codified the body of ideas that, under the name of Marxism-Leninism, constituted… In a party dominated by intellectuals and rhetoricians, Stalin stood for a practical approach to revolution, devoid of ideological sentiment.
2. . The Russian empress Catherine II (1729-1796), known asCatherine the Great, reigned from 1762 to 1796. She expanded the Russian Empire, improved administration, and vigorously pursued the policy of Westernization. Known more for her affairs of the heart than for affairs of state, she nevertheless greatly expanded her country's empire.she rallied the troops of St. Petersburg to her support and declared herself Catherine II, the sole ruler of Russia. She had Peter arrested and required him to abdicate, or step down from,power.
3. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was an Indian activist who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British colonial rule. Employing nonviolent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world.As part of his nonviolent non-cooperation campaign for home rule, Gandhi stressed the importance of economic independence for India.He particularly advocated the manufacture of khaddar, or homespun cloth, in order to replace imported textiles from Britain. He was an astute political campaigner who fought for Indian independence from British rule and for the rights of the Indian poor. His example of non-violent protest is still revered throughout the world today.Gandhi believed that at the core of every religion was truth (satya), non-violence(ahimsa) and the Golden Rule. Despite his belief in Hinduism, Gandhi was also critical of many of the social practices of Hindus and sought to reform the religion.
4. tto Eduard Leopold, Prince of Bismarck, Duke of Lauenburg, known as Otto von Bismarck, was a conservative Prussian statesman who dominated German and European affairs from the 1860s until 1890 and was the first Chancellor of the German Empire between 1871 and 1890.Germany became a modern, unified nation under the leadership of the “Iron Chancellor” Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898), who between 1862 and 1890 effectively ruled first Prussia and then all of Germany.efore these defining moments and events, a time existed when Germany was a ragtag mess of different states and regions called Prussia. They would be unified asone under the leadership of Otto von Bismarck, who served as chancellor of Germany from 1862 to 1890.Bismarck's ultimate goal was to unite the German states into a strong GermanEmpire with Prussia as its core. These armies would than be used in three wars which Bismarck devised to unify the country.