Question

1. Spherical regions in lymph nodes containing areas that are packed densely with proliferating B cells are called _____.

Question 1 options:

	A) red pulp zones
	B) medullary sinuses.
	C) efferent vessels
	D) germinal centers
	E) periarterial lymphoid sheaths

Question 2 (0.4 points)

Order the cell types below to go from LEAST differentiated to MOST differentiated (use 1-4 for the order):

Question 2 options:

macrophage

CMP

HSC

monocyte

Question 3 (0.4 points)

Follicular dendritic cells reside primarily in which of the following tissue/organ?

Question 3 options:

	A) the bone marrow
	B) the thymus
	C) primary lymphoid tissues
	D) secondary lymphoid tissues
	E) none of these

Question 4 (0.4 points)

Which of the following is the best description of a T-cell receptor?

Question 4 options:

	A) It is a membrane bound protein made up of two total polypeptides that are linked through disulfide bonds.
	B) It is a membrane bound protein made up of four total polypeptides that are linked through disulfide bonds.
	C) It is a secreted protein made up of four total polypeptides that are linked through disulfide bonds.
	D) It is a secreted protein made up of two total polypeptides that are linked through disulfide bonds.

Question 5 (0.4 points)

Suppose you were to apply a gene-based cell therapy to correct a T helper cell related gene deficiency (such as an IL2R mutation). Which cell would be the best to target with the therapy for providing the most permanent, long term correction?

Question 5 options:

	A) CMP or CLP
	B) directly target T helper cells
	C) CLP
	D) HSC or CLP
	E) HSC or CMP
	F) HSC

Question 6 (0.4 points)

Which of the following is the best description of a B-cell receptor?

Question 6 options:

	A) It is a membrane bound protein made up of two total polypeptides that are linked through disulfide bonds.
	B) It is a membrane bound protein made up of four total polypeptides that are linked through disulfide bonds.
	C) It is a secreted protein made up of four total polypeptides that are linked through disulfide bonds.
	D) It is a secreted protein made up of two total polypeptides that are linked through disulfide bonds.

Question 7 (0.4 points)

An example of an antimicrobial peptide that protects epithelial surfaces from pathogens is _____.

Question 7 options:

	A) defensin
	B) glycoprotein
	C) sebum.
	D) lysozyme
	E) proteoglycan

Question 8 (0.4 points)

Where would you find CD4?

Question 8 options:

	A) on the surface of a B cell
	B) on the surface of a helper T cell
	C) on the surface of either a cytotoxic T cell or an NK cell
	D) on the surface of a cytotoxic T cell
	E) on the surface of either a B cell or a T cell
	F) on the surface of either a helper T cell or a cytotoxic T cell
	G) on the surface of an NK cell

Answer 1

1. Germinal centers are spherical structures within the secondary lymphoid organs, densely populated with B cells where they proliferate, mature and undergoes class switching. B cells upon activation( in the T cell-rich zones) undergoes clonal expansion and develops into germinal centers. Hence option D) is correct.

2. Hematopoietic stem cells are the primitive stem cells, present in the bone marrow that give rise to all blood cells, including (leukocytes). Hematopoietic stem cells divide and give rise to Common myeloid progenitor (CMP) cells, that have the ability to differentiate into monocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils and other myeloid cells. Monocytes then leave the bone marrow and circulates in the blood where it migrates into the tissues and differentiates into macrophages that have phagocytic activity.

Hence the order from least to most differentiated cells is: HSc, CMP, monocyte , macrophage. Correct answer is : 4, 2, 1, 3.

3. Follicular dendritic cells present antigens to potential memory B cells and are found in the germinal centers, found in the secondary lymphoid organs. hence option D) is correct.