Question

Cellular Metabolism Lab

We will walk through the steps of Cellular Respiration in this activity. Please do not skip ahead or leave out steps. Fully taking the time to cut out, arrange the shapes, and answer the attached questions will help you to gain a deeper understanding of cellular respiration (the process of making energy, ATP, the major contributor to our overall metabolism). Pages 941-948 in you TEXTBOOK should help you answer the questions.

Grading Notes: You can either 1) Print out this document, add your answers and shapes to it, then scan the entire document for grading, or 2) Answer the questions on this template and upload images from your camera to the specified locations below. All blanks, images, tables, labels, etc. will be a part of your final grade. Worth 78 pts total

Before you begin, cut out all of the shapes on the accompanying document. Also, you will need five pieces of paper, to highlight the four steps of aerobic respiration and one for anaerobic respiration. You should have a sheet labeled; glycolysis, formation of acetyl-Co A, Krebs (Citric acid cycle), electron transport chain, and anaerobic respiration.

IV. Electron Transport Chain (Oxidative Phosphorylation)

The final reaction of aerobic respiration uses energy harvested elsewhere to generate ATP.

10. Tally the NADH and FADHs (if any) that have come here from the previous aerobic steps on your electron transport chain sheet.

11. Fill in the table below with your results. Worth up to 4 points

This will remind you of how many NADH and FADH₂molecules you should have and where they come from.

Glycolysis	Intermediate Step	Krebs Cycle
How many NADH and FADHs came to the electron transport chain from Glycolysis?	How many NADH and FADHs came to the electron transport chain from the intermediate step?	How many NADH and FADHs came to the electron transport chain from Krebs Cycle?

Table 2: The Sources of NADH and FADH2 in Aerobic Respiration

Building your Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Use the empty electron transport chain from the symbols page to complete the following steps:

1. Label the intermembrane space and the matrix of the Electron Transport Chain on your empty ETC chain.

2. Cleave the H+ ions from each of your reversible receptors (NADH and FADH₂) that have been supplied by previous reactions, and placed them in the appropriate location of the empty ETC page.

3. Cut out and place the integral proteins on the inner membrane of the mitochondria of the empty ETC page.

   1. Number the inner membrane proteins I-IV (the textbook only highlights 4, so you’ll have a shape left over)

   2. Label ATP Synthase

4. Cut out and place the ADP and Phosphate group molecules within the matrix near ATP Synthase (You do not have to use all of these, just enough to show understanding)

Answer the following questions about the ETC

10. The Electron transport chains are located within the __________________ of the mitochondria.

11. At the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) hydrogen ions (H+) are removed from ___________ and _____________. (note: order does not matter here)

12. The H+ ions that are removed from the reversible receptors are pumped into which part of the mitochondria? ____________________.

13. This creates an area of _________ hydrogen ion (H+) concentration (hint: low or high)

14. At the same time that the H+ ions are being pumped into the intermembrane space, an _______ is also released from the temporary receptor. These particles move along five inner membrane proteins to drive the movement of the H⁺ ions into the intermembrane space.

15. H⁺ can leave the area of high concentration by traveling through _______________, which places them back into the matrix of the mitochondria.

16. The energy generated by the movement of the H+ is used by ATP synthase to synthesis ATP from _______ and _________ groups. (note: order does not matter)

17. Finalizing the ETC reactions

18. Cut out the e- from your symbol sheet and draw arrows to show how they move along the proteins on your empty ETC page.

19. Both the electron and the H+ that are now back in the matrix (slide down ATP Synthase) are “captured” when they are bonded to ________________ forming _____________.

20. Add your completed ETC with all labels, molecules, arrows below. Worth up to 10pts.

Answer 1

The Electron transport chains are located within the inner mitochondrial membrane of the mitochondria.

At the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) hydrogen ions (H+) are removed from NADH and FADH2.

The H+ ions that are removed from the reversible receptors are pumped into the matrix of the mitochondria.

This creates an area of high hydrogen ion (H+) concentration.

At the same time that the H+ ions are being pumped into the intermembrane space, an electron is also released from the temporary receptor.

H⁺ can leave the area of high concentration by travelling through the outer membrane which places them back into the matrix of the mitochondria.

The energy generated by the movement of the H+ is used by ATP synthase to synthesise ATP from ADP and Pi groups.

Both the electron and the H+ that are now back in the matrix (slide down ATP Synthase) are “captured” when they are bonded to oxygen forming water.