Question

How can one distinguish between an X-linked trait and a cytoplasmically-inherited trait?

Answer 1

X linked traits are due to genes present on X chromosomes. X chromosome is given to progeny by both male and female parent and is given to both son and daughter. So, these traits pass on from both the parents to their son and daughter.

On the other hand, cytoplasm and mitochondria is given by the female parent to both son and daughter. So, these traits are always passed on from mother only to her progenies.

You will better understand if you see the pedigree below -

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