Question

1. By which mechanisms can bacterial pathogens evade a host immune response?

1. Avoiding phagocytosis by the production of a capsule
2. Escape of the phagolysosome within phagocytic cells
3. Neutralization of digestive enzymes found within phagocytic cells
4. Both A and B.
5. All of the above.

2. Which of the following is an example of a passive immunization?

1. Antibodies against rabies given to someone who was bitten by a potentially rabid dog
2. Heat-killed flu antigen grown in chicken eggs
3. Live viral antigen given on a sugar cube to protect against polio
4. Both A and B.
5. Both B and C.

3. Bare lymphocyte syndrome does NOT:

A. produce a phenotype like SCID.

B. result from a defect in the TAP transporter.

C. lead to a lack of MHC class II.

D. result in a deficiency of cytotoxic T cells.

E.   increase susceptibility to viral infections.

4. What is herd immunity?

1. A global vaccination day established by the World Health Organization to ensure every person on the planet is vaccinated against a particular pathogen. The last herd immunity day was in the early 1980s with smallpox.
2. A vaccination program started by progressive nations to prevent the spread of prion diseases such as Mad Cow (BSE).
3. Herd immunity refers to a special vaccination method whereby immunocompromised individuals are given vaccines made only of antibodies.
4. Receiving all government recommended vaccines in one day. This produces the strongest immune response possible but frequently leaves the person being vaccine experience malaise (generally feeling bad) and feverish.
5. Vaccinating the majority of a population to protect immunocompromised individuals from a particular pathogen.

5. The fact that reverse transcriptase is an error-prone enzyme, means that:
   1. HIV-1 will have a high mutation rate.
   2. drugs targeting HIV will affect only part of any population.
   3. treatment of HIV will produce temporary results only.
   4. Both A and B.
   5. All of the above.

Answer 1