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Prolonged vomiting can lead to metabolic alkalosis from the loss of HCl. How does the body normally reabsorb the large amount
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● Metabolic alkalosis.

The primary abnormality in metabolic alkalosis is an increase in HCO3- concentration.

This may occur due to excessive vomiting or an excessive intake of sodium bicarbonate for therapeutic purpose.

Metabolic alkalosis is commonly associated with low K+ concentration.

in severe K+ deficiency , H+ ions are retained inside the cells to replace missing K+ ions.

In the renal tubular cells , H+ ions are exchanged with the reabsorbed Na+ .

The respiratory mechanism initiates the compensation by hypoventilation to retain CO2 ( hence H2CO3 increase) . This is slowly taken over by renal mechanism which excretes more HCO3- and retain H+.

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