Question

Traina conducted a study to investigate the relationship between adults' blood pressure and their suppression of anger. Data were gathered from a sample of 347 healthy men and women aged 22 to 60 who were members of a gym in Washington DC. Subjects completed two paper and pencil scales: The Feeling of Anger Scale and the Expression of Anger Scale. The scales used a 9 point rating scales. Responses to each scale were summed to yield a total score for each variable. The subjects' BP was measured by nurses using zero calibrated aneroid sphygmomanometers. Weight was measured with subjects wearing only gym shorts and a t-shirt on an upright scale to the nearest 10th of a pound. Heights was measured without shoes, feet together. All instruments were assessed at being below the eighth grade level. The results indicated for both men and women higher diastolic and systolic BP was associated with higher levels of suppressed anger even when various variables were statistically controlled.

1. Which of the following types of data were collected in this study (self-report, observation, biophysiologic, records)?
2. Were the data collection methods structured or unstructured?
3. For which variables did Traina NOT derive numeric information?
4. Which of the following specific methods were used (likert-type scale, semantic differential scale, event history calendar, rank-order questions, Q-sort)?
5. Which type of data collection was used: telephone interview, personal interview, web-based interview, or self-administered questionnaire?
6. Was readability assessed? At what level?
7. Provide at least one way that data collection and measurement effort be improved in this study based on your readings.

Answer 1

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