Question

Describe in detail how packets are segmented by the Host-to-Host Layer (Transport Layer) and Internet Layer of the TCP/IP model.

Answer 1

Answer:-------------
Layer 2: Internet layer:-------------

• Selection of a packet switching network which is based on a connectionless internetwork layer is called a internet layer.
• It is the layer which holds the whole architecture together.
• It helps the packet to travel independently to the destination.
• Order in which packets are received is different from the way they are sent.
• IP (Internet Protocol) is used in this layer.
• The various functions performed by the Internet Layer are:

1. Delivering IP packets
2. Performing routing
3. Avoiding congestion

Layer 3: Transport Layer:-------------------

• It decides if data transmission should be on parallel path or single path.
• Functions such as multiplexing, segmenting or splitting on the data is done by transport layer.
• The applications can read and write to the transport layer.
• Transport layer adds header information to the data.
• Transport layer breaks the message (data) into small units so that they are handled more efficiently by the network layer.
• Transport layer also arrange the packets to be sent, in sequence.