The majority of the proton-motive force in mitochondria is expressed as a voltage. In contrast, the proton-motive force generated during photosynthesis is almost exclusively expressed as a pH gradient. How can you explain these differences?



The majority of the proton-motive force in mitochondria is expressed as a voltage. In contrast, the...
What is proton motive force? What is its importance in biology? It is the force with which protons move in acid-base reactions O It is the force that results in the creation (synthesis) of a high-energy moleculc It is a form of energy that arises due to differences in pH across biological membranes O All of the above only (2) and (3)
In the liver mitochondria, the membrane potential is -0.17 V (negative inside). The pH difference is -0.5 (pHoutside – pHinside). The charge on a proton is (+1). What is the proton motive force (the amount of energy stored in the gradient)? The Gibbs free energy for the gradient is [96485 X -.17] + [2.303 X 8. 315 X 310 X -0.5] = -19.4 kJ/mol. Please explain the formula and what is the question asking for, Thank you.
You have learned that proton motive force is important in movement of ions across membranes. Both proton motive force and protons in general are crucial in the function of light reactions. Please explain the source of protons and how they used in the light reactions.
1.Describe in detail how the proton motive force (PMF) is generated and how ATP is produced from PMF.
QUESTION 1 What is the purpose of the proton motive force? A Powers the phosphorylation of ATP to ADP. B. Powers the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP. C. Powers the production of high energy electron carriers. D. Powers the ability to generate more redox reactions. QUESTION 2 What is the main mechanism of action for oxidative phosphorylation? A uses the free energy of the proton gradient generated as a result of transferring electrons from NADH or FADH2 to O2 by...
Discuss the current model of proton motive force (pmf): how is it generated, what are complexes involved, what are the electron carriers between complexes, and what reaction(s) are powered by the pmf and how the reaction(s) occur?
Please show your work. I am
trying to understand how to work this.
The proton motive force in mitochondria (Ap) can be calculated by the equation: Im (2 points) If the inner mitochondrial membrane would become freely permeable to chloride ions, what would be the new Ap? a.
12) A particular allele of a gene (including the wild-type allele) can be expressed in a dominant fashion for several reasons- A) Explain why wild-type alleles are usually dominant to mutant alleles (5 pts.). B) Describe three ways in which mutant alleles can be dominant to a wild-type allele (6 pts.). 13) Explain how chromatids/chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell during anaphase. Be sure to mention in your answer how the force that propels this movement is generated...
why was it necessary to
isolate mitochondria to study and also use engineered vesicles that
either did or did not contain atp synthetase?
by the first ATP s r aasing the enzyme to function as an ATPase and result in ATP ATP synthase would likely drive the ATP synh reverse direction, s Original Paper The oniginal experiments on pli and ATP formation were donc on chloroplasts The chemiosmotic generation of ATP is simila to mitochondria, but occurs across tihe thylašoid...
You are conducting typical force-voltage, force-frequency and length-tension experiments on the toad sciatic nerve/gastrocnemius muscle preparation. Draw and explain the twitch characteristics, recruitment and length-tension results obtained during these experiments. How might the results differ if SR density was increased?