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REQUIRED. with over 17,000 species described, lichens are dual organisms. Address the following questions: a. b. c. What are
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Ans - Lichens are composite organism that are formed by the association of alage and fungi which exist together in a symbiotic relationship. Basidiomycete is the fungi that is usually present in the lichen as fungal component.Other fungi also present sometimes.

Ans b Lichens are present everywhere from the sea level to moutains peaks to forest.Their habitats are usually moist, dampy in nature like bark of tress , near sea shores , mountain crevices etc.

Ans c- lichens are important to ecological succession since they are the first organisms to colonize the bare rock.These are the pioneer species in primary succession.Lichens are primitive and requires only moisture and during the formation its presence is more abundantly found and thus lichens have capability to crush evern huge pieces of rocks and mountains.They secrete acid that breaks the rocks and thus the soil formation started.Hence they are most primitive ones to initiate succession both in any environmental condition.

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