Phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a species. a) Cytochrome C is an important mitochondrial protein...
Phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a species.
a) Cytochrome C is an important mitochondrial protein found in most organisms. The table below indicates the number of similarities in the amino acids found within Cytochrome C compared across five different species. Based on the data in the table, draw a phylogenetic tree that reflects the evolutionary relationships of the organisms based on the differences in their cytochrome c amino acid sequence. Based on the data, identify which species is most closely related to the chicken and explain your choice. Also, explain the relationships of the remaining species.
b) Describe TWO types of evidence- other than the comparison of proteins- that are commonly used to determine the phylogeny of organisms by modern-day scientists. Discuss one strength of each type of evidence you described.
c) While over longer periods of time evolution can lead to new species, microevolution occurs on a daily basis, leading to genetic changes in populations that can occur very rapidly. Describe ONE specific example of recent microevolution in a population that has had impacts for modern society. Discuss exactly how that type of evolution occured.
| Horse | Donkey | Chicken | Penguin | snake | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Horse | 0 | 1 | 11 | 13 | 21 |
| Donkey | 0 | 10 | 12 | 20 | |
| Chicken | 0 | 3 | 18 | ||
| Penguin | 0 | 17 | |||
| Snake | 0 |
Homework Answers
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Phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a species.
a) Cytochrome C is an important mitochondrial protein...
A part of the aminoacid sequence in Cytochrome-C protein from 6 different species is given in...
A part of the aminoacid sequence in Cytochrome-C protein from 6 different species is given in the table. Rank the organisms from 1 to 5 according to the similarity of the organism to human: based on the similarity between the cytochrome C aminoacid sequences, 1 being the closest to human. It is largely agreed that the greater the number of amino acid (or nucleotide) differences between a given pair of organisms, the further apart they are in evolution. On the...
Differences between the amino acid sequence of human cytochrome c and that of 5 other species...
Differences between the amino acid sequence of human cytochrome c and that of 5 other species are given in the choices below. Based on this information, humans are most closely related to: a.) pigeons; 12 amino acid differences b.) frogs; 20 amino acid differences c.) fruit flies; 24 amino acid differences d.) yeast; 42 amino acid differences
Match the following examples to the correct type of evolutionary evidence. Species that do not walk...
Match the following examples to the correct type of evolutionary evidence. Species that do not walk have remnants of pelvic and hip bones [Choose ] [Choose] There is only 1 amino acid difference between humans and chimps when making up the Cytochrome C protein used in the ETC of Cellular Respiration Anatomical evidence Fossil evidence Biochemical evidence Biogeographical evidence Archaeopteryx organism shows as an intermediate species between reptiles and birds Embryological evidence Marsupials are found mostly on the continent of...
8. Evolution that results in the formation of new species is: a. Slow Evolution b. Microevolution...
8. Evolution that results in the formation of new species is: a. Slow Evolution b. Microevolution c. Macroevolution d. True Evolution Questions 11 to 15: Match the type of reproductive isolation with its definition (answers will only be used once). a. Ecological b. Temporal c. Behavioral d. Mechanical e. Gamete 9. If two species that can mate are not attracted to each other because of differences in their courtship rituals. mate. 10. If two species inhabit the same area but...
Mythical horse phylogeny: For the following questions imagine that all of these different types of mythical...
Mythical horse phylogeny: For the following questions imagine that all of these different types of mythical horses existed and were evolutionarily related to modern day real horses. I have included the descriptions just to help make the organisms a little more understandable. The key information that you need is all in Table 1 though so don't worry too much about the descriptions. Unicorn: A magical forest dwelling horse with a single horn on its head. These creatures are herbivores that...
please answer ( c ) and ( b ) Read each question carefully, Write your response...
please answer ( c ) and ( b )
Read each question carefully, Write your response in the space provided for an question. Answers must be written out in paragraph form. Outlines, buleted alone are not acceptable and will not be scored. Researchers studying the phylogenetic relationships among African elephants (Loxodonta arricana), Asian elephants (Elephas maximus), and woolly mammoths (Mammuthus primigenius) analyzed cytochrome b DNA sequences from several organisms of each species. Cytochrome b is a mitochondrial protein that functions...
Consider an important protein like beta-galactosidase, which breaks down lactose. Many bacterial species have beta-galactosidase. But...
Consider an important protein like beta-galactosidase, which breaks down lactose. Many bacterial species have beta-galactosidase. But that doesn't mean that the amino acid sequence of beta- galactosidase in all those bacterial species is exactly the same. Far from it. As bacteria diversified into different species over evolutionary time, beta-galactosidase encoded in the genomes of the bacteria also diversified. However, we can assume that even though beta-galactosidase diversified, it was under pressure to maintain structure and function, because the reaction it...
Match the following examples to the correct type of evolutionary evidence. Species that do not walk have remnants of pelvic and hip bones [Choose ] [Choose] There is only 1 amino acid difference between humans and chimps when making up the Cytochrome C protein used in the ETC of Cellular Respiration Anatomical evidence Fossil evidence Biochemical evidence Biogeographical evidence Archaeopteryx organism shows as an intermediate species between reptiles and birds Embryological evidence Marsupials are found mostly on the continent of...
8. Evolution that results in the formation of new species is: a. Slow Evolution b. Microevolution c. Macroevolution d. True Evolution Questions 11 to 15: Match the type of reproductive isolation with its definition (answers will only be used once). a. Ecological b. Temporal c. Behavioral d. Mechanical e. Gamete 9. If two species that can mate are not attracted to each other because of differences in their courtship rituals. mate. 10. If two species inhabit the same area but...
Mythical horse phylogeny: For the following questions imagine that all of these different types of mythical horses existed and were evolutionarily related to modern day real horses. I have included the descriptions just to help make the organisms a little more understandable. The key information that you need is all in Table 1 though so don't worry too much about the descriptions. Unicorn: A magical forest dwelling horse with a single horn on its head. These creatures are herbivores that...
please answer ( c ) and ( b )
Read each question carefully, Write your response in the space provided for an question. Answers must be written out in paragraph form. Outlines, buleted alone are not acceptable and will not be scored. Researchers studying the phylogenetic relationships among African elephants (Loxodonta arricana), Asian elephants (Elephas maximus), and woolly mammoths (Mammuthus primigenius) analyzed cytochrome b DNA sequences from several organisms of each species. Cytochrome b is a mitochondrial protein that functions...
Consider an important protein like beta-galactosidase, which breaks down lactose. Many bacterial species have beta-galactosidase. But that doesn't mean that the amino acid sequence of beta- galactosidase in all those bacterial species is exactly the same. Far from it. As bacteria diversified into different species over evolutionary time, beta-galactosidase encoded in the genomes of the bacteria also diversified. However, we can assume that even though beta-galactosidase diversified, it was under pressure to maintain structure and function, because the reaction it...
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