Question

1. How is the effect of a neurotransmitter different from neuromodulator? Give an example of neurotransmitter...

1. How is the effect of a neurotransmitter different from neuromodulator? Give an example of neurotransmitter that is also a neuromodulator.

2.The membrane potential changes relative to RMP during depolarization and hyperpolarization. How do they affect the probability of generating nerve impulses?

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Answer #1

1.A neurotransmitter is released by the nerve ending of Neuron that is used to communicate with adjacent neuron. They are released by the presynaptic neuron

They are quickly degraded in the synaptic cleft

Examples are Acetylcholine, GABA, Glycine Dopamine

Neuromodulator: They are released by the nerve endings, have their effects sometimes quite far from the neuron which they are released

They are not rapidly degraded or taken up

Examples are enkephalins and endorphins

2.Opening of Na+ channels cause depolarisation of membrane thus membrane potential becomes less negative

Opening of K+ causes hyper polarisation of membrane cause hyperpolarisation

the change in membrane potential lead to the action potential where the depolarisation probability is more compared

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