Question

What determines if a change in the genetic make-up (DNA mutation) is "good", "bad" or "has no effcet"?

Answer 1

DNA codes for RNA which ultimately codes for proteins which performs enormous functions in our body. Proteins are the molecule which perform function and some change in the expression levels of these protein through mutation is exhibited by loss of any function or structure. Thus If the mutation is good will result in betterment of the either the expression levels or the quality. Bad mutations results in loss of the function of the protein or impairing the formation of the protein. When the mutation is silent or neutral it has no effect, then despite the presence of the mutation protein is formed and functions normally.