Question

5. Patient teaching is an important part of nursing interventions. Explain the nurse's role regarding patient teaching concerning the following: A. What is the required amount of daily fluid intake? B. What are the cross-sensitive effects if a patient is allergic to other sulfonamide preparations? What allergic reactions may occur? C. What time of the day should sulfonamides be taken?

Answer 1

5, a, Advice the patient to take 8 to 10 glasses of water per day to improve hydration.
b, cross sensitive effects patient have a headache, hypotension, asthma attack, wheezing etc. hives, swelling of face, tongue, throat, anaphylaxis is the allergic reactions may occur. advie the patient to inform the doctor if any of these symptoms observed.
c, Advice the patient to take sulfonamide every 6 to 8 hours. it is best to take the dose at an evenly spaced time in the day and night.
d, Bruising and bleeding should be reported immediately to the physician, because sulfnamide cause seroid side-effects that include aplastic anemia that cause bone marrow to stop producing red blood cells, WBC, and platelets that cause unusual bleeding and unexplained bruising.
e, Advice the patient to avoid exposure to sunlight and wear long sleeves to cover the skin to prevent reaction if they go out. use sunscreen when outside.
6, Trimethoprim increases the effect of warfarin, so the anticoagulant effect significantly increases, it cause drug-drug interaction and increase the risk of bleeding.
7, Warfarin needs dose reduction as per the INR level. trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole inhibits the metabolism of warfarin that cause anticoagulant effect, so monitor the INR closely.