Question

Lab 8-9 Restriction Enzymes, Gel Electrophoresis, PCR 1. Introduction: Define the following concepts and processes (use lecture textbook, lab manual and ppt as a resource of answers) 1) Define restriction enzyme and how they work 2) Define RFLP. What is full name of RFLP? What is its application? 3) Define DNA fingerprinting and its application 4) Define PCR. What is full name of PCR? What is its application? 5) Define STR and its application 6) Compare and contrast the two DNA fingerprinting technologies learned: RFLP vs PCR. What are different and common between two technologies? When would you use PRC but not RFLP? I

Answer 1

Question 1.

A restriction enzyme is a nuclease enzyme that cuts DNA sequence into fragments after recognizing specific nucleotide sequences known as recognition or restriction site.

• They are used in the process of insertion of genes into plasmid vectors during gene cloning and protein expression experiments.
• Restriction enzymes can also be used to distinguish gene alleles by specifically recognizing single base changes in DNA known as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). This is only possible if a mutation alters the restriction site present in the allele.

Question 2.

RFLPs based molecular markers are amongst the first generation molecular markers used for many animal and plant genome mapping projects. This technique is based on digesting genomic DNA with certain restriction enzymes.

# full name of RFLP is Restriction fragment length polymorphisms.

# Application:

• This is a co-dominant marker
• Disease diagnosis
• This is polymorphic markers

Question 3.

Matching of DNA fragments obtained from 2 different sources os called DNA fingerprinting.

# Application:

• In forensic test to identify a murderer or rapists.
• To solve a dispute arising paternity and maternity of a child.
• To identify the part of a dead body or a mutilated corpse from an accident or in case of a non-demanding corpse.

Question 4.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique in molecular biology to amplify single or few copies of DNA, generating millions of copies of a particular DNA sequence.

# full name of PCR is polymerase chain reaction

# Application:

• The most common use of PCR in forensic applications includes:

1. Criminal investigation
2. Parental testing

# rest of questions I need more information.