Question

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Tipts 77) (A) Factor(s) affecting biochemical reaction rates within the cell is/are: temperatures enzyme concentration substrate concentration coenzyme concentration O cofactor concentration OTwo of the above are correct. All of the above are correct. 78) RNA nucleosides contains all of the following nitrogenous bases except (1 pts) O adenine thymine Ouracil cytosine guanine 79) The ratio of adenine to thymine or guanine to cytosine in the genome of bacterium is always (1pts) 2:1 1:1 n 2-3 Depends on the species. None of the above are correct. 80) If the polypeptide chain contains 200 amino acids, then the mRNA coding for this polypeptide (1pts must contain at least 200 nucleotides 400 nucleotides 0600 nucleotides O200 codons 0600 anticodons More than one of the above are correct.

Answer 1

77) The enzymes are essential catalysts that carry out the biochemical reaction in our body. The enzymes act on the substrate and convert it into the product.

The factors affecting the reactions:

• A biochemical reaction requires a specific temperature and pH so that the enzyme can act because enzymes work efficiently only at the optimum temperature and pH.
• When the enzyme concentration is high all the available substrate bind with the enzyme and converted into the product.
• When the substrate concentration increases then the free enzymes are less, as soon as the enzyme got the substrate they are converted into a product at a very high rate.
• The coenzyme and cofactor are the essential requirements of the enzyme to catalyze a reaction and the high concentration is responsible for the efficient activity of the enzyme.

So, all the options are correct.

78) RNA is synthesized from the DNA template by the process known as transcription and in this process, the complementary nitrogenous base Thymine is replaced with Uracil.

Adenine, Cytosine, Thymine, and Guanine are the nitrogenous bases present in DNA (Deoxyribonucleotide).

Adenine, Cytosine, Uracil, and Guanine are the nitrogenous bases present in RNA (Ribonucleotide).

So, the answer is Thymine which is not present in RNA.

79) According to Chargaff's rule, the purine to pyrimidine ratio is always 1: 1. Because purine always binds with a pyrimidine.

Purine: Adenine and Guanine.

Pyrimidine: Cytosine, Thymine, and Uracil.

Thus, Adenine: Thymine = 1: 1

Guanine: Cytosine = 1: 1

80) The codons are present in triplet that means one amino acid is encoded by three nucleotides.

1 amino acid = Three nucleotide

200 amino acid = 200 * 3 = 600 nucleotides

Note: During termination, the stop codon is incorporated and it does not code for any amino acid. Thus, the exact nucleotides will be + 3, and that id 603.