Question

Part II Planning & Descisson making Part 1 • Three types of levels of management described in chapter 5. Top managers, Middle Managers, First level managers - describe examples of smart goals for each level of management. Elaborate and ergphasize the differences in goals of each level What are the steps in making a rational decision making - and how you can apply to contemporary issues? .

Answer 1

THREE LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT

The three levels of managemnet bridges the gap between company and it's client's alog with it seperate the managemnet according to their positions and performances. There are three levels of maagement are to be found in an organization, and they are :

1. TOP LEVEL MANAGEMENT/ ADMINISTARTIVE LEVEL
2. MIDDLE LEVEL MANAGEMENT / EXECUTORY LEVEL
3. LOWER LEVEL MANAGEMNET / FIRST LEVEL MANAGEMENT

According to their seperation, the roles of each level management will be of different, inorder to ensure smooth functioning of an organization.

- TOP LEVEL MANAGEMENT

These are the administrative level of managemnet, where the decision making powers of an organization as a whole, vested with. They help in the coordination of activities and implement effective plans in the organization. The top level managemnet is made up of : BOARD OF DIRECTORs, CEOs , CFOs, and CHIEF OPERATING OFFICERS.

tTop level managemnet decides the administration of an organization and also helps to set the milestones in the decisions. Their major functions/ goals includes :

• Should be accountable to the shareholders for the performance of organization
• To lay down the policies and regulations in an organization
• To keep the communication between the concren and outside world.
• Strategy management and alligning managers according to their skills and ability , inorder to achieve the organizational goals.

- MIDDLE LEVEL MANAGEMENT

The middle level managemnet otherwise executory level management are those categories, who is responsible for the organization and direction of the performances of lower level management. They account for the top level management for the activities of their department. Their functions or goals includes :

• Proper implementation of the plans and policies that have already established by the top level management.
• To follow the directions laid down by the top level management accordingly
• To organize the departments of organization.
• To motivate the employees to do work efficiently and honestly.

LOWER LEVEL MANAGEMENT

The lower level management is also known as operational level mangement, oversees the performance of operative level employees of an organization. They are mainly appointed to follow the instructions given from the middle level management. They referred to as the first line of managers, since they are the base of operating activities of an organization as well. Their goals includes :

• To allocate the responsibilities to lower level employees.
• To ensure the quality of work
• Be responsible for the performance of lower level employees
• Bridges the gap between middle level management and consumers of an organization.
• To give periodic reports of employees works to the higher level management.
• To give instructions and directions to employees .

Difference in the functions / goals of three levels of management

TOP LEVEL MANAGEMENT	MIDDLE LEVEL MANAGEMENT	LOWER LEVEL MANAGEMENT
- Determines the policies and objectives of an organization	- Implementing the objectives which is predetermined by the top level management	- Performance for the achievement of objectives/ goals of an organization.
- It mobilises the resources	- It coordinates the activities	- It developes moral among workers.
- Spend more time with planning and organising	- Spend more time with co-ordination and communication of activities.	- They spend more time on directing and controlling.
- Prepares long-term plans, generally 5 to 10 years.	- Prepares short term plans upto 1 year	- Prepares plans for the day to day operations.
- Requires more conceptual skills and less technical skills	- Requires more managerial and technical skills but less conceptual skills.	- Requires more managerial,communication and technical skills as well