How do promoters in Archaea and Eukaryotes differ?
In genetics promoter is a region that initiates DNA transcription. Promoters are located near the transcription starting sites of the gene on the same strand and the upstream on DNA.
Promotor of eukaryotes and archaea are mostly same but slightly differ. Tha life time of TBP- DNA interaction differs significantly between eukaryotes and archaea. Eukaryotic TBP-DNA interaction is charecterised by linear, stepwise bending mechanism with an intermediate state distinguished by a distinct bending angle. TF(II)B specifically stabilizes the fully bend TBP-promoter DNA complex. In archaea TBP-DNA interaction is extremely dynamic and TBP from archaeal organism sulfolobus acidocaldarius strictly requires TFB for DNA bending
How do enhancers differ from promoters as cis-acting regulatory sequences in eukaryotes?
Bacteria and archaea are both prokaryotes. But Carl Woese proposed that archaea are closer to eukaryotes. What’s the evidence for his theory?
If eukaryotes arose from within archaea, what does this mean in terms of the 'phyl' of archaea? Are they mono-, para-, or polyphyletic? How about eukarya?
Which of the following statements is not true regarding the differences between bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes? a) Flagella are found on bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes yet they all vary in b Bacteria and archaea have circular chromosomes in a nucleoid region ) The cell walls of bacteria and archaea both contain the complex d) Ribosomal RNA sequencing revealed that the structure of the ribosomal structure whereas eukaryotes have linear chromosomes that are enclosed in a nuclear membrane macromolecule peptidoglycan, whereas...
Combine, into one tree, the phylogeny given in class for the
Bacteria and Archaea and Eukaryotes with the phylogeny given for
Eukaryotes.
(i.e. make one tree that relates: Cyanobacteria,
Chloroplasts, Rhizobium, Mitochondria, E. coli, Lokiarchaeota,
TACK, Euryarchaeota, SAR, Red Algae, Green algae and Plants, Fungi,
and Metazoans.)
SAR Cilliates, Diatoms Brown Algae, etc. -Red Algae Plants + Green Algae Fungi Metazoans (Animals) – Eukaryotes Modern Cyanobacteria Lokiarchaeota Euryarchaeota Chloroplasts - TACK Archaea Rhizobium - Mitochondria - E.coli
How do prokaryotes and eukaryotes differ with respect to the number of open reading frames that are contained in a typical mRNA? Why does this difference make sense in view of the translation initiation strategies used by each type of organism? What consequences does this difference have for the regulation of coordinated gene expression in the two types of organisms—for example, how might a key regulator turn on a suite of related genes in prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells?
1. How does transcription and translation differ in Eukaryotes and in prokaryotes. 2. How is DNA transcription different from prokaryotes and Eukaryotes? 3. What is a gene?
Bacteria and Archaea can use all 6 feeding strategies, but Eukaryotes can only use _ and _ feeding strategies.
How many promoters can an enhancer activate at a given moment? Do these promoters need to be on the same chromosome? How can one determine which promoter is being activated by a particular enhancer?
1 Describe/diagram the evolutionary relationship of prokaryotes to eukaryotes (and bacteria to archaea) 2 Describe the variation in modes of nutrition among prokaryotes 3 Describe the processes of prokaryotic reproduction, including both vertical and horizontal gene transfer 4 Described the ecological importance of prokaryotes (including positive and negative impacts on humans)