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-Here’s a look at some of the major accomplishments of the women’s movement over the years:
•1850: The Women’s Movement Gets Organized
Two years after the famous Seneca Falls Convention, which helped define what the women’s movement would entail, the first National Women’s Rights Convention took place in Massachusetts. Over 1,000 people attended, and the convention became an annual event.
•1893: States Begin to Grant Women the Right to Vote
Colorado becomes the first state to adopt an amendment granting women the right to vote. Utah and Idaho followed in 1896. In 1910, Washington state jumped on board, along with California in 1911, and Kansas, Oregon and Arizona in 1912.
•1903: A Union Is Formed for Working Women
The National Women’s Trade Union League was formed to “assist in the organization of women wage workers into trade unions and thereby to help them secure conditions necessary for healthful and efficient work and to obtain a just reward for such work.” The effort bonded women across economic and social divides, attracting “a coalition of working-class women, professional reformers, and women from wealthy and prominent families.”
•1916: Women Gain Access to Birth Control
As a nurse in immigrant communities, Margaret Sanger met many women who experienced multiple childbirths, miscarriages and self-induced abortions because they lacked the proper information about how to avoid unwanted pregnancy. She decided to take matters into her own hands, opening up the first family planning and birth control clinic in Brooklyn, New York. While she faced initial challenges with this first clinic, her idea eventually evolved into Planned Parenthood.
•1920: The 19th Amendment Becomes Law
Congress finally ratified the 19th Amendment in 1920, granting women across the United States the right to vote and moving one step closer toward equality for women.
•1963: Congress Passes the Equal Pay Act
President John F. Kennedy appointed Eleanor Roosevelt chairwoman of the President’s Commission on the Status of Women in 1961, and a report published by the commission in 1963 found “substantial discrimination against women in the workplace.” As a result, Congress passed the Equal Pay Act, aimed at eradicating the pay gap between men and women.
•1972: Title IX Brings Equal Opportunity to Education
Title IX, now known as the Patsy Mink Equal Opportunity in Education Act, was authored by Senator Birch Bayh of Indiana. It brought greater educational opportunities to women. The 1964 Civil Rights Act included gender equality, but it left out public education. Title IX had an especially significant impact on American sports because it required high schools and colleges to provide equal opportunities for female athletes. The landmark legislation is credited with greatly increasing the participation of young women in sports.
•2013: Ban on Women in Combat Is Lifted
Defense Secretary Leon Panetta petitioned the Joint Chiefs of Staff to reverse a 1994 rule that prevented women from serving in combat. The result? An announcement from Chairman Gen. Martin Dempsey that said, “The time has come to rescind the direct combat exclusion rule for women and to eliminate all unnecessary gender-based barriers to service.”
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