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3. The graph below has axes to show the population sizes of a predator and its prey. The dashed lines are the predator and prey isoclines. Prey Population Starting at the circle, draw in what will happen to the two populations if they are following the pattern in the Lotka-Volterra model of predation. (Remember that BOTH predator and prey numbers are represented by a point on the graph.) Use a series of arrows to show what happens.
2. Imagine two species of duckweed grown in competition. Suppose that K1 1500, K2 2000. The effect of species 2 on species 1 ( α12) is 0.6. The effect of species 1 on species 2 ( α21 ) is 0.5 Make a graph of Ni versus N2 and draw zero isoclines (and vectors) to illustrate the outcome of competition between the two species of duckweed. Is there a winner? If so, which species? If not, where (on the graph) is the equilibrium? N2
1. In some species, per capita growth rates (r) increase when the density of individuals increases from very low densities and then begin to decrease at high densities. Draw a graph of per capita growth rate (r) on the y-axis and N (population size) on the x- axis illustrating this concept. (Be sure to include a decrease at high densities as well.) (1A) Now, draw a single graph showing growth rate (r) versus time for a population growing logistically. Hint: the lines are not identical. For this graph, r is on the y-axis and time is on the x-axis. Be sure to label where carrying capacity is (1B) (1C) In terms of biology, what kinds of conditions or scenarios could result in the model you described above (in part A)i (1D) Why is the logistic model better than the exponential model in terms of describing real Why is the logistic model still poor at capturing the dynamics of a real populations? population?
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