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9. Why might an organism that lives at cold temperatures have lots of cholesterol and unsaturated fatty acids in their cell membranes? (5)
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Organism that live at cold temperature have lots of cholesterol - this is due to the incorporation of cholesterol in tail portion of lipid bilayer of cell membrane, which act as a buffer to increases the membrane fluidity.

At low temperatures, the phospholipids and lipid bilayer present in the cell membrane starts clustering together to form a crystallized state, which decreases the membrane fluidity. So cholesterol incorporation is needed.

Unsaturated fatty acids have low melting points, so it's incorporation is also needed.

In simple words:

Cholesterol - membrane fluidity.

Unsaturated fatty acids - low melting points.

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