Question

Study Guide Questions 1. Explain the relationship between the kinetic energy of molecules or atoms in a system, and temperature, 2. Explain what it means when someone says, "Water is a polar molecule." (Bet you hear that all the time!) 3. What are hydrogen bonds? 4. Why is it difficult to heat up (or cool down) water? 5. Why is water such a good solvent? Are there any substances water cannot dissolve? Why or why not? 6. What is surface tension? Give some biological examples of why surface tension in water is important. 7. What is a surfactant? 8. Be able to clearly relate pH and hydrogen ion concentration. 9. What exactly does a pH of 4 mean? 10. What impact does changing pH have on proteins? 11. What are buffers? What do they do? Why are they important?

Answer 1

Answer:

1. ene 69 Relationship between kinetic energy and temperature is given by Kinetic energy, E= 3 K6T - Where T = Temperature, Ko=. Boltzmann's constant So EXT Kinetic energy of molemte increases with temperature and - temperature only affects the translational motion MO romper of molemles.

cooter is a polar molerute because it is a dipole moment , and polar molecules possess atoms with different actronegativities. For example in water, it possess , & hyctrogens and I onggen, as shown below - electron Hay

a interactions, and atta is attached to Hydrogen bonds it takes electronegative are dipole-dipole noncovalent place when Hydrogen atom is group, as shown below:- other 4). the water Mon Mystrogen bond. It is difficult to heat up for cool down) water is due to presence of Hydrogen bonding among the to molecules. Water is a good solvent because it in not tonic and it dissolves polar molecules for example Hice, HNO₃ etc. 1. Water cannot dissolve non-polar molecules, for enample Bel Alla organic molecules etcy because they are non-polar and cannot form Hychogen bonding between water molecules, Surface tension is the tension of the surface film of a liquicl caused by a Harction of particle in 348 face layer by the bulk of liquid.

Enample to Water striders use high surface tension of water stay above water. ve Neon acidity. 7). Surfactant is any substance which is ackled to liquid to reduce its surface tension. . 8). bH is measure of acidity or bastity of a substance. - It is given as pH = -log [H), where [hi] is the concentration off protons(H+) or hydrogen in concentrations. [HⓇ]= 10-P4, Higher [HT) means lower pH and more a. pH = 4 mean, acidity , cince at ouom temperertese, .bh scale is from 0 to 14 and 7 is he and below 7 is acidic and above 7 is h solution since pH=4 means [ht is very high than compared to bestral solution. 10). Changing pH may results in denaturation of proteins, is a optionum pH, at which proteins Cenzymes) work, and the graph is given asin l a optimum pH W07 Activity of enzymes DH-> optimum . pH, proteins of enzyme has greater activity. At

KO nel 1. Buffers are solutions which are minterse of weak acid and salt of weak acid and its strong base and vice versa. Buffers can stabilize pH, even after addition of acid or base to the solution... They are important as many reactions takes place in specific pH and buffer maintains the pH even after addition of acids & bases. For blood human example, is with solution a buffer pH = 7.4