Question

Pull alla paper. It's late at night, you are very Uudre falling asleep and your head is tilting forward when suddenly, "POP" you hear a loud sound outside of your house. You then move your head up, stand up and turn to see what is behind you. Answer the following questions by filling up the table below: 1) List all the synovial joint movements done from sitting in your couch to nodding your head. 2) List all the joints involved per synovial joint movement. 3) List all the bones involved per synovial joints movement. Position/ Movement Synovial joint Joint involved Bone 1 Bone 2 movement Sitting Holding pen Head tilting forward

Answer 1

1. Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint that is not seen at fibrous or cartilaginous joints is the presence of a joint cavity.

Types of Synovial joint movements

• Hinge joints allow flexion and extension only
• Ball and socket joints also allow flexion and extension
• Ball and socket joints also allow types of movement called abduction, adduction, rotation and circumduction.

2. The different types of synovial joints are the ball-and-socket joint (Shoulder joint), Hinge joint (knee), Pivot joint (atlantoaxial joint ), between C1 and C2 vertebrae of the neck, condyloid joint (radiocarpal joint of the wrist), saddle joint (first carpometacarpal joint, between the trapezium carpal bone and the first meta caral bone at the base of the thumb.

3. Fibrous Joints : The bones of fibrous joints are held together by fibrous connective tissue. There is no cavity, or space,present between the bones, and so most fibrous joints do not move at all,or are only capable of minor movements.

Syndesmoses are joints in which the bones are connected by a band of connective tissue, allowing for more movement than in a suture.

Cartilaginous Joints are joints in which the bones are connected by cartilage. There are two types of cartilagenous joints; synchondroses and symphyses.

a) Sitting position :

Synovial joint movement: Ball and socket joint movement

Joint involved: Multiaxial joints:-allows flexion/extension, abduction/adductionand medial/lateral rotation movements.

b) Holding pen

Synovial joint movement: Condyloi joint movement

Joint involved: abduction/adduction and circumduction movementsjoint

c) Head tilting forward

Synovial joint movement: Angular movements: flexion and extension of the neck