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Q1. WHAT ARE ENZYMES? HOW DOES ENZYME-SUBSTRATE BINDING TAKES PLACE? Q2. IN MICHAELIS -MENTEN GRAPH, WHY DOES THE CURVE REACHES PLATEAU? Vmax Reaction velocity (v) Vm/2 Km Substrate concentration (S) Q3. IN MICHAELIS MENTEN GRAPH, HOW WOULD YOU INCREASE VELOCITY BEYOND Vmax? Q4. SMALLER VALUE OF THE MICHAELIS CONSTANT (Km) REFLECTS HIGHER EFFICIENCY OF THE ENZYME. (TRUE/FALSE).

Answer 1

1) Enzymes are both proteins and biological catalysts. Catalysts accelerate chemical reactions

. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products

Substrate will bind with the active site of the enzyme, and form enzyme substrate complex, This complex lowers the activation energy of the reaction and promotes its rapid progression by providing certain ions or chemical groups that actually form covalent bonds with molecules as a necessary step of the reaction process.

2) The reason this happens is because the enzyme becomes saturated with substrate. When substrate concentration is low, many of the enzymes in solution aren't doing anything, so they're readily available to convert substrate into product. Thus, adding even just a little bit of substrate will result in a dramatically increased reaction rate. When a high concentration of substrate is present, all of the enzymes in solution are busy. In other words, as soon as an enzyme converts a substrate into product, it immediately becomes occupied with another substrate. Since this process can't occur any faster unless more enzymes are added, all of the other substrate in solution have to wait their turn. Thus, any increase in substrate concentration under these circumstances results in very little, if any, increase in reaction rate.

3)in michaelis menton graph, vmax is defined as the maximum rate of reaction that can be reached by using an enyme.

Vmax depend upon the enzyme and the concentration of the enzyme.

The rate of reaction reaches the maximum, when the active site of whole the enzyme is saturated with the substrate.

so, in order to increase the rate of reaction beyond that the concentration of the enzyme should be increased.

4)TRUE

A smaller Km value indicate greater affinity of the enzyme for its substrate, hence show a quicker reaction.