Question

What are the names of the four circled chemicals in the cellular respiration diagram?

Stage 1 Stage 3: Cytoplasm Maximum ATP per glucose molecule About 38

Answer 1

stage 1 - glycolysis ( one is pyruvate goes to krebs cycle and another one name is NADH goes to electron taransport chain)

Stage 2 - krebs cycle

Stage 3 - electron transport chain( one molecule of NADH from krebs and another one is glycolysis)

In glycolysis, glucose—a six-carbon sugar—undergoes a series of chemical transformations. In the end, it gets converted into two molecules of pyruvate, a three-carbon organic molecule. In these reactions, ATP is made, and NAD+ is converted into NADH

pyruvate oxidation. Each pyruvate from glycolysis goes into the mitochondrial matrix—the innermost compartment of mitochondria. There, it’s converted into a two-carbon molecule bound to Coenzyme A, known as acetyl CoA. Carbon dioxide is released and NADH is generated.

Citric acid cycle. The acetyl CoA made in the last step combines with a four-carbon molecule and goes through a cycle of reactions, ultimately regenerating the four-carbon starting molecule. ATP, NADH and 2FADH​​​​​2 are produced, and carbon dioxide is released.

Oxidative phosphorylation. The NADH and FADH2 made in other steps deposit their electrons in the electron transport chain, turning back into their "empty" forms. As electrons move down the chain, energy is released and used to pump protons out of the matrix, forming a gradient. Protons flow back into the matrix through an enzyme called ATP synthase, making ATP. At the end of the electron transport chain, oxygen accepts electrons and takes up protons to form water.