Question

I got the correct answer but I need short and clear eplaination why that was the correct answer

22 Which of the following statements is TRUE of disinfectants? A) They are effective in destroying endospores. B) They are used on living tissue. C) They are used for sterilization. VD They are used on inanimate surfaces. E) They are only effective for short periods of time (seconds to minutes).

Answer 1

22. The answer is D - They are used on inanimate surfaces.

Explanation- Disinfection is the process of eliminating the micro organisms using disinfectants made up of alcohol which are applied to inanimate objects . Example : tables,cots, floors , walls of the hospital . The ideal disinfectant would rapidly destroy bacteria,fungi, virus and protozoa. Therefore the answer is D.

• Disinfection does not ensure that endospores are eliminated.
• Antiseptics are solution which are applied on living tissue.
• Sterilisation is a process wherein hot steaming temperatures are used.
• Disinfection may lasts for around 4 to 10 hours depending on the solution used.

Therefore the other answers are wrong.

49. The therapeutic range of antimicrobial is the range of concentrations at which the anti microbial is both effective and nontoxic. The correct option is C.

Explanation- Antimicrobials are used to kill the micro organisms or inhibit the growth of micro organisms in the body. While this antimicrobial can be antibacterial, antiviral, antiparasitic drugs. These antimicrobials when taken should harm the microorganism but should not harm the person taking it. Therefore, antimicrobials is the range of concentrations at which the antimicrobial is both effective and non toxic.

44. The answer is C.

Explanation - Semisynthetic antimicrobial is a chemically modified derivative which further need modifications in terms of its effectiveness against microorganisms, decreased toxicity to the host, increased stability which are again done in the laboratory. These semisynthetic antimicrobial is extracted from the microbial culture which is again modified in the laboratory.

• Antibiotics are effective only against bacteria.
• Analog is the structural derivative of a parent compound which actually differs from its single element.
• Probiotics are the helpful bacteria and yeast that are present in the intestines which keeps the intestine healthy.

Therefore these answers are nor correct.

31. The answer is E.

Explanation --Endospores are resistant spores which develops inside some of the bacterial cells and does not gets killed easily. Therfore in the autoclaving process, endospores gets killed at very high temperatures and each endospores need different high varying temperatures to be killed. Therefore, Endospores of different bacteria are destroyed at different temperatures and can be used to calibrate autoclave temperatures.