Question

14. Restriction endonucleases are a. enzymes that restrict DNA synthesis b. enzymes that cut DNA in specific sequences c. nuclear proteins that are involved in transcription d. components of the ribosomes involved in protein synthesis

15. The first step in southern blotting is a. converting DNA into RNA b. cutting high molecular weight DNA into smaller pieces c. converting RNA into DNA d. radioactively labeling the DNA so it can be detected after the procedure is complete

16. The major difference between southern blotting and northern blotting is that a. southern blotting can analyze much larger pieces of DNA b. northern blotting can detect DNA on a living cell or tissue c. northern blotting has RNA rather than DNA as the analysis target d. northern blotting can also detect nuclear proteins

17. The major advantage of microarrays is that they a. allow the analysis of nucleic acids much more rapidly after southern blotting b. tallow the separation of different fragments of nucleic acids according to their molecular size c. quantitate DNA synthesis in a sample in real time d. allow the analysis of a very large number of target sequences

18. Single nucleotide polymorphisms are a. mutations that occur in a single individual b. nucleic acid probes that can detect mutations in different sequences of DNA c. sites in the genome where the DNA sequence of many individuals differs by just a single base d. used in PCR to amplify mutated DNA sequences

Answer 1

14.) Restriction endonucleases are enzymes that cut DNA in specific sequences (b). These sequences are known as Restriction sites and are palindromic in nature. For example : EcoR I have restriction site 5'- GAATTC -3'

3'- CTTAAG-5'

15.) The first step in southern blotting is Cutting high molecular weight DNA into smaller fragments in order to separate the fragments using gel electrophoresis (b) .

Southern blotting combines transfer of electrophoresis-separated DNA fragments to a filter membrane and subsequent fragment detection by probe hybridization (radioactively labelled) .

16.)The major difference between southern blotting and northern blotting is that northern blotting has RNA rather than DNA as the analysis target (c) .

17.)The major advantage of microarrays is that they allow the analysis of a very large number of target sequences. (d) This technique makes it possible to examine the expression of thousands of genes simultaneously.

18.) Single nucleotide polymorphisms are sites in the genome where the DNA sequence of many individuals differs by just a single base.(c)