Question

1. If one (1) molecule of phosphonenol pyruvate is oxidized via glycolysis, the PDC, and the CAC in a kidney cell, how many protons are pumped into the inner membrane space at ETC Complex III?

2. If one (1) molecule of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is oxidized via glycolysis, the PDC, and the CAC in a skeletal muscle cell, how many protons are pumped into the inner membrane space at ETC Complex IV?

3.

If two (2) molecules of pyruvate are oxidized via the PDC and the CAC in a kidney cell, how many molecules of O₂ are utilized?

4. If one (1) molecules of 3-phosphoglycerateate is oxidized via glycolysis, the PDC, and the CAC in a kidney cell, how many total protons are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane by the ETC?

5. If one (1) molecule of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate is oxidized via glycolysis, the PDC, and the CAC in a kidney cell, how many net molecules of ATP (plus GTP) will be produced by oxidative phosphorylation and substrate level phosphorylation? Assume that this particular ATP synthase has 9 c-subunits and that the phosphate translocate symporter is utilized. (Net ATP = total ATP produced - total ATP used up.)

6.

If two (2) molecules of 2-phosphoglycerate is oxidized via glycolysis, the PDC, and the CAC in a kidney cell, how many net molecules of ATP (plus GTP) will be produced by oxidative phosphorylation and substrate level phosphorylation? Assume that this particular ATP synthase has 9 c-subunits and that the phosphate translocate symporter is utilized. (Net ATP = total ATP produced - total ATP used up.)

Answer 1

or tt 4H + OL FADH2. HP ockspac Ans:- » Two protous are pumped into the inner membrane space at ETC Complex Ill for each molecule Either NADH+H+ PHOSPHENOL PYRUVATE During complex glycolysis, there will be formation of 1 molecule of ATP . . During conversion of pyruvate to acetyl con will be synthesis of a molecule of NADH During citric and cycle there will be senthers of 3 molecules of NADHIHI and a molecule of FADH2 along with 1 GTP. How we will have 4 molecules of NADH THI and 1 molecule of FADAL . So, the number of protous pumped a number of protous by NAOH + H+ + Number of protous by FADAL = 8+2 = 10 27 Ans:- 24 Protous Explanation : - If one molecule of glyceraldehyde 3- phosphate is oxidized Via glycolyus, the

PDC and CAC in a kidney cell of 1 NADH, INADH & 3 NADH are produced respectively. I FADH is produced in CAC.. Each NADH or FADH provedes 2 Electrons. For Each Electron, a protons are pumped from in to inner membrane space. 1 é = 2 protons 5 NADHIFADH = 12e 12e-82= 24 protous 1 glyceraldhy de 3- plospleate = 24 protous. 3) upon oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl conti Two Electrous are released. These Electrons are taken by waDt and get reduced to NADH. So 2 pyruvate will give LNADH and a acetyl cord. Acetyl co-A upon its oxidation to coa produce 3 NADH & 2 FARH. FAD & takes 2 electrons gets reduced to FADH. After complete oxidation of a molecules of pyruvate. we have 8 NADH and 2 FARM electrons are passed througthe the electron transpost chain and ottimately taken by

termind Electron acceptor o, which gets reduced to H₂0 - The half molecule of o, is reduced to 1₂0 from 2 electrons. So from & NADH & 2 FADH total 10*1/2=5 molecules of snygen are reduced to H₂o. so,s molecules of o, are utilized when a molecules of pyrnate are oxidized via the Poc and the citric Acid in a kidmy cell
5):Answer:

Oxidative Phosphosylation : 3t is the process that occurs in mitochondria and involve transport of elections from NADH or FADH₂ to ultimate electron acceptor, oxygen resulting in production of ATP. One NADH produce 2.5 ATP through electron transport chain, while. One FADH₂ produces 1.5 ATP. Substrate level phosphorylation. It is the brocess in which ATP are generated diretty during the coupled reaction. For example, 1,3- Bisphosphoglycrate. 77 3-Phosphoglycerate. ADP ATP. Glycolyn's Phosphaglycrate linase. Fructose - 1,6- Bisphosphate. (one molecule) Glyceraldehyde. -3- phosphate. (2 molecules) LNADI (3-PGAL) JANADH THE 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate. One molecule of (3PGAL) produce I NADH and 2 ATP. 3 -Phosphoglycerate. 2-Phasphoglycerates One Fructose-1,6 Bisphosphate. produces 2 (BPAAL) thes. produces 2 NADH and 4 ATP. Phosphoenel byruvate h ADP FATP Pyruvate.

L NAD+ Pyruvate KINADH+Ht Pyruvate Dehydrogencese Complex. Acetyl coA (PDC) Kseb cycle. It produces. 3NADH, I FADH, and IGTP for one molecule of pyruvate. - ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. Kreb cycle: Citsic acid cycle. Isoctrate. dehydrogenase 9socitrate. l d-ketoglectorate) Seacainyl CA. NADT NADH NAD NADH GDP +H succinge cot. GTP. + H+ gele. synthetase (CAC) I succinate. Malate dehydrogenase 200 I Malate Oxaloacetate. ) NADT NADH+HT Thes, one malecule of Fructose- 1,6-Bisphosphate will produce During glycolysa: 2NADH + 4. ATA During PDC Z NADH During CAC 6 NADH + 2 GTP + 2 FADH2 Total = 10 NADH + 2 FADH₂ + 6 ATP/GTP. Substrate level phosphorylation produce = 6 ATP Oxidative level phosphorylation produce - 10x2.5+ 2x1.5 = 25+3 One NADH = 2.5 ATP = 28 ATP One FADH₂ = 1.5 ATP
6):Answer:

Oxidative Phosphosylatin : H+ is the process that occurs in mitochondria and involve transport of elections from NADH or FADH₂ to ultimate electron acceptor, oxygen resulting in production of ATP. One NADH produce 2.5 ATP through electron transport chaîn. while. One FADH, produces 1-5 ATP. Substrate level phas phosylation. It is the process in which ATP are generated directly during the coupled reaction. For example, 1,3- Bisphosphoglycerate. 43-Phosphoglycerate. ADP ATP. Phospholy cerate kinese. For one makeule of 2-phosphoglycevete, One ATP is produced in glycolysis. 2-Phosphoolyarate. 000 Phosphoenolpysuvate. L ADP НАтр Pyruvate

Pyruvate Kerente este Pyruvate Dehydrogenase complex. (PDC) Acetul COA - Kseb cycle. 47 produces. ZNAOH, I FADH, and IGTP for one molecule of byruvate. Thus, one molecule of 2-thesphoglycerate. produces. 2 ATP, 4 NADH and I FADHL 2 molecules of 2-Phosphoglycevete produces 4ATP, SNADN and 2 FADH, Substrate level phosphorylation - 4 ATP on 8 x 2.5 + 2x1.5 leve One NADH - 2.5 ATP One FADH, - 1.5 ATP Oxidative - 20 + 3 = 23 ATP They hagestion Thus, 4 net ATP produced by substrate level and 23 ATP by oxidative level phosphorylation. Isocitrate. d-ketoglutorate dehydrogenase de dragona + + Kreb uyale : 9socitrate) sd-ketoglectorate) → succinyl CoA. NADT NADH NAD NADH L GDP Citric acid cycle. succinyl CoA. GTP synthetase Malate I succinate.] dehydrogenase Malate Oxaloacetate, NADA NADH +H+ Cac)
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