Question

Arrange the following keywords into a concept map: restriction point, pRb,E2F, RB1, retinoblastoma, enucleation, proliferation, growth factors.

Please provide the concept map diagram with detailed explanations. Thanks

Answer 1

Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a rare form of cancer that rapidly develops from the immature cells of a retina the light-detecting tissue of the eye. The retinoblastoma protein (pRb) gene namestate abbreviated RB or RB1) is a tumor suppressor protein that is dysfunctional in several major cancer. One function of Rb is to prevent excessive call growth by inhibiting call cycle progression until a cell is ready to divide. When the cell is ready to divide, Rb is phosphorylated to pRb, leading to the inactivation of the activity of Retinoblastoma protein. This process allows cells to enter into the cell cycle state.

When it is time for a cell to enter S phase, complexes of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) and cyclins phosphorylate Rb to pRb, allowing E2F-DP to dissociate from pRb and become active. When E2F is free it activates factors like cyclins (e.g. cyclin E and cyclin A), which push the cell through the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases, and a molecule called proliferating cell nuclear antigen, or PCNA, which speeds DNA replication and repair by helping to attach polymerase to DNA.

Please refer the digram given bellow:

active Rb protein (phosphorylated) lactive Cycline Dlo - Rb LG - Cdk DKY EF (inactivated E₂F protein) (CDk 2 , (directly form cycline gesto nucleus) 5 Cyclin AZ +(DK 2 (Inactive] Form / SICHT Cyclin A) ( E.DK2) Cytoplasm nucleus (produces cyclin A &E) Je and so on and phase)... . ARS Go > COCATH QE2 Fl phbl ФР PRE " E₂F I cell cycle Freed i.e. active G. Cell cycle progression