Question

for 1G and 2G, please find the following

- standardized year, commercialized year, data rate, operating frequency, modulation format, operating principles, media access control method (MAC), changes from previous standard(s),

Answer 1

1G

​​​•Frequency: 150MHz / 900MHz

• Bandwidth: Analog telecommunication (30KHz)

• Characteristic: First wireless communication
• Technology: Analog cellular
• Capacity (data rate): 2kbps
• From 1979 to 1990

The first commercially automated cellular network (the 1G generations) was launched in Japan by NTT in 1979.

In 1984, Bell Labs developed modern commercial cellular technology, which employed multiple, centrally controlled base stations (cell sites), each providing service to a small area (a cell).

• Bad voice quality
• Poor battery, cellphones
• Big cellphones
• Better than nothing, at least its wireless and mobile

Media access control methods

NMT (Nordic Mobile Telephone) was an analog system used in the Scandinavia in the 450 MHz band with a very low data rate of 1.2 kbps.

 AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System) is the original standard for analog cellular phone service primarily used in the Americas, Australia, and parts of Russia and Asia

with data rates upto 10 kbps

 TACS (Total Access Communication System) was used in Britain in the 900 MHz band. TACS was based on the AMPS system and was later adopted in other countries,including Hong Kong and Japan providing a data rate of 8 kbps

2G

• Frequency: 1.8GHz (900MHz), digital telecommunication
• Bandwidth: 900MHz (25MHz)
• Characteristic: Digital
• Technology: Digital cellular, GSM
• Capacity (data rate): 64kbps
• From 1991 to 2000

Secondgeneration 2G cellular telecom networks were commercially launched on the GSM standard in Finland by Radiolinja (now part of Elisa Oyj) in 1991.

• Allows txt msg service
• Signal must be strong or else weak digital signal

Media access control methods

GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) is a digital transmission technique widely adopted in Europe and supported in North America. It uses 900 MHz and 1800 MHz bands in Europe & 1900 MHz band in North America.

 IS-54 TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) standard defines traffic on digital voice channels, using 800 MHz and 1900 MHz bands. Capacity enhancements to the tune of 6-15 times that of AMPS are possible.

 IS-95 CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) standard uses spread spectrum techniques to scatter a radio signal across a wide range of frequencies