Question

29.) Which bond is indirectly responsible for the high heat capacity exhibited by water?

Answer 1

the reason of water's high specific heat to be hydrogen bonding. Partially, it's related to that: In giving heat to water, some heat is "spent" on loosening the hydrogen bonds rather than increasing water's kinetic energy. The argument is valid, and I haven't seen anyone bringing evidence as to its being wrong, but another reason, which was the one hyperphysics gave, relies on the motion of water.

The two hydrogen atoms share electrons in a covalent bond with the oxygen. But they are shared unevenly--that is, the bond between the hydrogen and oxygen is a polar covalent bond. The oxygen is more electronegative and is more attracted to the electrons. Because electrons are negative, the oxygen atom becomes slightly negative and the hydrogen atoms become slightly positive. This difference in charges and the bent nature of water contribute to its "dipole moment." The slightly negative oxygen of one water molecule is going to be attracted to the slightly positive hydrogen of another molecule. This attraction is called a hydrogen bond. Because of these bonds between water molecules, they "stick" to each other (or have increased intermolecular forces). To get a given sample of water to increase its temperature, you're going to put heat into it. This heat works to move the molecules faster. But there's something holding the water molecules from moving freely. They are "stuck" together to a certain extent because of their hydrogen bonds. The heat you're putting into the water goes to increasing movement and into the hydrogen bonds. Some of the energy is taken away because the hydrogen bonds first have to be broken.

Hope this helps !!