Question

29. You have formulated a hypothesis: "Pineapples contain more vitamin C than oranges." To test this hypothesis you measure vitamin C levels in 20 oranges and 20 pineapples from trees that were grown in the same environmental conditions (temperature, rain, sunlight). Select all statements that are true about this experiment.

A. The independent variable is temperature

B. the control group in the experiment is the oranges

C. The type of fruit is a controlled variable

D. The dependent variable is the vitamin C levels in the pineapples and oranges

Answer 1

B, D (C is partially correct)

Independent variable is the one which we are controlling from ourselves. In this case fruit will be the independent variable because we are deciding which fruit to select.

A dependent variable is the one which is dependent upon the independent variable. In this case Vitamin C is the dependent variable because it varies according to the fruit.

A control variable is the one which is kept constant throughout the experiment. In this case temperature, rain and sunlight are control variables.

First option is incorrect because temperature is a control variable.

Second option is correct because oranges are control group. We are using the level of Vitamin C in oranges as a reference to find out whether pineapple has more vitamin C or not.

Third option is partially correct. This is because the type of fruit is kept constant throughout the experiments to it is a control variable. But we have selected the type of fruit so it is an independent variable also.

Last option is correct because the amount of Vitamin C is dependent upon the type of fruit. So it is a dependent variable.

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