Question

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I. How is childhood central nervous system infection a risk for schizophrenia?

Answer 1

Answer:- Postnatal infection may represent an preventable risk factor in adolescence and early adulthood for the onset of psychotic disorders. The action mechanism is likely to involve site-driven stimulation of the innate immune system of the brain, mediated primarily through localized microglial cell activation.This triggering may occur in response to systemic inflammatory stimuli, without the central nervous system having direct involvement. Microglial activation may be a primary response or a secondary phenomenon at pre-injury sensitive sites; i.e. areas with previously activated microglia may respond to a new stimulus more strongly.

Supported behavior regarding microglia is indicative of a recent provocation or active disease. It is not indicative of long-established, neurodevelopmental disorders. Activated microglia, which acts through a variety of cytokines and other signaling mechanisms, has the potential to significantly interfere with synaptic turnover and thus change synaptic architecture and function over time.