Question

DNA Technology

What is biotechnology?

• What is genetic engineering? How does it relate to recombinant DNA?

• What are genetically modified organisms (GMOs)?

• What are transgenic organisms?

• What are some controversies surrounding GMOs?

• What do the world’s leading health agencies think about GMOs?

• What are some benefits of GMOs?

• How does gene therapy work?

• Describe the basic steps of making recombinant DNA.

• What are the two major products that you get after cloning recombinant bacteria?

• How does DNA fingerprinting work?

• What does gel electrophoresis do?

• How are paternity test results interpreted differently than crime scene results?

• What is bioethics? Give some examples of bioethics issues.

Answer 1

1.) Biotechnology- it is a technology which uses the living organisms or their product to useful chemicals, products, or to perform various industrial tasks and which beneficial for human beings directly or indirectly.

2.) Genetic engineering- it is also called recombinant DNA technology/genetic modification/ genetic manipulation.

This is an group of techniques which are used to cut up and join together genetic material, most probably the DNA from various species and introduce the newly formed recombined or hybrid DNA into an organism to get new forms of genetic heritability material.  

By this techniques, it is clear that the recombinant DNA or rDNA is formed.

3.) Genetically modified organisms (GMO) - These are the organisms( plants, animals or microbes) whose genetic material has been changed or altered by using techniques of genetic engineering from their naturally occurring genome.

4.) Transgenic organisms - These are a type or specific example of GMOs in these type of organisms the change in genetic material is because of transfer of gene from different species.