Question

Select the examples of parent-offspring conflict.

		a) Queen bees lay 1:1 ratio of male and female larvae, yet colonies usually end up with a 3:1 sex ratio.
		b) Female flycatchers (a type of bird) lay 3 eggs that all weigh 1.5 grams, yet experimentally scientists have shown that offspring fitness optimizes when eggs weigh over 2.0 grams
		c) Some female mammals cannot engage in mating until their current offspring are weaned, yet offspring that feed directly from their mothers have larger body sizes and stronger immune systems.
		d) All of the above

Answer 1

The answer is A.

explanation

Due to haplodiploidy & the activeness of sterile workers, the parent-offspring conflict is special in the social insects like bees. Sisters are better related to each other than the mother & brothers. This is the reason why female workers strive for acquiring sex ratio of 3:1 females: males. But queens invests in both the sex for the current & future offspring, & she tries to maintain a ratio of 1:1 because the queen is related alike to both sons & daughters. Even though, the workers are more likely to succeed and make the sex ratio at a 3:1 range.

hope the answer helps.