Question

Philosophy and Style

• What type of philosophy (theory X or theory Y) seems to be held by leaders and other members of the team?
• What type of leadership style have you adopted as a leader (authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire)?
• What action steps would help enhance the leadership style in the team?

Answer 1

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• ans) 1)  Mc Gregor propounded two theories of human behaviour in management philosophy on the theme of dual nature of human being .These theories are known as 'X' theory and 'Y' theory .Mc Gregor believed that the managers normally attempts to motive employees by one of the basic approaches.

Theory 'X'

It is the traditional theory of management philosophy.'Power is supreme' is the main theme of this theory .The people at work level has no authority to suggest or object anything except to carryout the orders of the superior.The line of authority or chain of command goes directly from the top, down through the various layers of the organization with some delegation of authority but full and detailed accountability up the line. people at work level have no option but to obey authority.

Assumptions of theory 'X'

• The average person inherently dislikes work and will avoid if it is possible.
• Therefore, people must be coerced, controlled, directed and threatened with punishment to get them to put forth adequate efforts towards the achievements of organizational goals.
• The average human being prefers to be directed, wishes to avoid responsibility and put off the work till it is necessary.  

2) DEMOCRATIC LEADERSHIP

This style is also called participative, consultative or ideographic .Decentralization of authority is vested with this type of leadership.A participative or democratic manager decentralizes his decision making process.Subordinates are consulted and their participation in formulation of policies is ensured.Manager or leader is not taking unilateral decision.So,participative leadership style favours decision making through discussion ,sharing of power by allowing the group to make decisions and to let decisions emerge from the group.

There are various benefits in participative leadership.

• It provides organizational stability by raising morale of the employees.
• It leads to better understanding and co-operation between the management and the employees.
• It leads to reduction in number of complaints and grievances.
• It acts as a highly motivating technique to employees.Employees are elevated when their ideas and suggestions are given weight in decision making.
• It raises the productivity of employees.
• It will reduce labour turnover and absenteeism.

The employees will get job satisfaction.

3) MOTIVATION -Motivation is an act of stimulating an individual for action.The top level management should inspire and stimulate the subordinates to create interest in work.Then only the aims of organisation can be achieved.

DIRECTING GROUP ACTIVITY-A good leader ship style's responsibility is to get the work done effectively by fruitfully engaging the workers,followers or subordinates.

Develop good human relations-An efficient leadership develops good human relation. he promotes self confidence among employees.

Fulfills social responsibilities-An organization can fulfill its social responsibility towards different sections of society,consumers,workers,investors,and government etc under the guidance of a dynamic leadership.

Build morale-A good leadership style can raise morale of employees.High morale leads to high productivity and organisational stability.