Question

Compare and contrast nuclear receptors and transmembrane receptors in the activation of cellular responses.

Answer 1

Nuclear receptors are activated by steroidal hormone such as estrogen,progesteron and various other lipid soluble signals.The ligand can cross the plasma membrane and directly interact with nuclear receptor inside the cell where as transmembrane receptor found in plasma membrane .this receptor binds a ligand from outside the cell then get activated.for example the receptor binds the G protein and thus G Protein become activated after binding to an activated receptor.

Nuclear receptor directly regulate transcription of genes that control a wide variety of biological process like cell proliferation,development ,metabolism and reproduction.where as in transmembrane receptor bind to the signaling molecule outside the cell and transmit the signal through a sequence of molecule switches to internal signaling pathway