Question

a) Draw a diagram of a generic (euk) gene at the DNA level, label all significant regions and briefly describe their role and the cellular process in which they function/are used. Do the same with a pre-RNA and mature
RNA.
b) Describe the difference between the coding and template strands of DNA
c) Describe, in general what the ribosome is: molecular composition and structure, cellular location(s), specific function. Compare/contrast prok and eukaryotic ribosomes

Answer 1

b) template strand is the 3'--->5' DNA strand. mRNA is synthesized by transcription using the 3'--->5' DNA strand. So only it is called the template strand. The initially synthesized mRNA will have the same sequence to that of the 5'---->3' DNA strand. So this 5'--->3' DNA strand is called coding strand.
c) Ribosome is a protein synthesizing complex molecule, which is made up of ribosomal RNA and some proteins.
There are two types of Ribosomes. They are 70S and 80S Ribosomes.
70S Ribosomes are present in prokaryotic cells and in plastids and mitochondria. 80S Ribosomes are present in the cytoplasm and on the rough endoplasmic reticulum of the eukaryotic cells.  
70 S Ribosomes are made up of one large and one small subunit. They are 50 S and 30 S.
80 S Ribosomes are made up of one large and one small subunit. They are 60 S and 40 S.
The rRNA molecules that are used for the construction of 70 S and 80 S are different.