Question

mention and describe the four factors that need to be present in the population for the process of "natural selection" to occur according to a Darwinist evolutionary theory. Provide examples and explain how the factors contribute to natural selection.

Discuss how the biodiversity loss we are currently experiencing might be explained in terms of natural selection and the implications of which kinds of species we might expect to have the best chances to survive the environmental crises we are now facing.

Answer 1

THE FOUR FACTORS OF NATURAL SELECTION :-

Darwin’s process of natural selection has four components.

* Variation - Organisms (within populations) exhibit individual variation in appearance and behavior. These variations may involve body size, hair color, facial markings, voice properties, or number of offspring. On the other hand, some traits show little to no variation among individuals,

example, number of eyes in vertebrates.

*Inheritance - Some traits are consistently passed on from parent to offspring. Such traits are heritable, whereas other traits are strongly influenced by environmental conditions and show weak heritability.

*High rate of population growth - Most populations have more offspring each year than local resources can support leading to a struggle for resources. Each generation experiences substantial mortality.

*Differential survival and reproduction - Individuals possessing traits well suited for the struggle for local resources will contribute more offspring to the next generation.

2. In the basis of natural selection the loss of biodiversity Ocasionally there is a species-like birds-that have a ton of different adaptations. for example shark .There was a period in time when the normal shark exploded into a ton of different probabilities.They had different sizes,body shapes,jaw types,teeth,and overall makeups that would

seem out of this world.Their biodiversity increased but most of the species failed because of natural selection.Some just weren't meant to survive to present day.This is due toeverything from territory,the evolution of prey,lower oxygen content in the water and the rise of bigger predators.We say the disappearance of many crazy ancient sharks and only a few like the hammerhead,stayed.