Question

1. Consider that a certain antimicrobial drug prevents bacterial growth. However, when the drug treatment is stopped, the bacteria resumes growth. This antimicrobial drug would be considered. Select one:

a. bacteriostatic.

b. narrow-spectrum.

c. toxic.

d. broad-spectrum.

e. bacteriocidal.

2. Broad-spectrum drugs target a wide variety of bacterial pathogens. Even when the broad-spectrum drug is capable of killing a target pathogen, it may not be the best treatment.

Which statement best explains why a broad spectrum drug might be an undesirable treatment choice? Select one:

a. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials are not able to kill bacteria that are in their log phase of growth.

b. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials are usually toxic to the host cells.

c. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials may stimulate excess growth of the normal microbiota.

d. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials may kill much of the normal microbiota.

e. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials only work if they are used shortly after the infection begins.

3. To prevent superinfections, a treatment plan should, (Select one:)

a. eliminate all bacteria in the host.

b. target gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.

c. target only the bacteria causing the initial infection.

d. increase the growth of the host microbiota.

e. cause wide-spread denaturing of proteins.

4. Most often, what is the preferred method for drug delivery? Select one:

a. intravenously

b. topically

c. orally

d. intramuscularly

5. What method of drug administration provides the most rapid increase in plasma concentration of the drug? Select one:

a. intravenous

b. oral

c. topical

d. intramuscular

6. When two antimicrobial drugs are used at the same time, antagonistic effects can occur. Which of the following is NOT a possible antagonistic effect of combining two antimicrobial drugs? Select one:

a. Increased activity of both drugs

b. Decreased therapeutic levels

c. Decreased activity of both drugs

d. Increased toxicity

e. Increased elimination of one drug

7. If an antimicrobial drug does not exhibit selective toxicity, what might be a problem experienced by the patient? Select one:

a. The normal microbiota will grow too much.

b. The host cells will be damaged.

c. The host will recover without experiencing any drug side effects.

d. The pathogen will be the only microbe killed.

8. Which statement best describes why antimicrobial drugs that affect cell wall synthesis tend to have selective toxicity when used by humans? Select one:

a. Cell wall synthesis is a common metabolic process in humans and bacteria.

b. Most bacteria only synthesize cell walls during their log phase of growth.

c. Human cells only synthesize peptidoglycan as a food source.

d. Human cells do not have cell walls.

9. Which of the following groups of antimicrobial drugs selectively targets bacterial cell wall synthesis? Select one:

a. phenols

b. quinolones

c. polymyxins

d. sulfonamides

e. beta-lactams

10. In general, why might cell-wall inhibiting antimicrobial drugs be less effective on gram-negative bacteria compared to gram-positive bacteria? Select one:

a. The peptidoglycan found in gram-positive bacteria is structurally different from that in gram-negative bacteria.

b. The gram-negative bacteria digest these drugs at a much higher rate than gram-positive bacteria.

c. The outer membrane of the gram-negative bacteria inhibits penetration of the drug.

d. The mutation rate of gram-negative bacteria is much greater than that of gram-positive bacteria.

e. The gram-negative bacteria do not synthesize peptidoglycan.

Answer 1

Q1) The answer is bacteriostatic.

explanation

The bacteriostatic drugs restricts the bacterial growth & reproduction by blocking the protein synthesis or DNA replication. Thus, when this drug treatment is stopped, bacteria continues it's growth. Examples of bacteriostatic drugs are : tetracyclines, linezolid etc.

hope it helps.