Question

Compare a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell on the basis of structural, functional, and metabolic differences.

Answer 1

Comparison between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell
Prokaryotic cell	Eukaryotic cell
The nucleus is absent instead nucleoid is present.	A well-defined nucleus is present.
A true chromosome is absent, plasmid is present. Chromosome number is 1.	The true chromosome is present and the number is more than 1.
The prokaryotic cell is usually unicellular.	The eukaryotic cell is usually multicellular.
Membrane-bound cell organelles are absent. For example, Golgi body, ER, etc.	Membrane-bound cell organelles are present.
The prokaryotic cell does not have lysosomes and peroxisomes.	The eukaryotic cells have lysosomes and peroxisomes.
Microtubules are absent in prokaryotic cells but microtubule like proteins are present.	Microtubules are present in prokaryotes.
The prokaryotic cell has 70S ribosomes.	The eukaryotic cells have 80S ribosomes.
The size of the prokaryotic cell is 1-10 micrometer.	The size of the eukaryotic cell is 10 - 100 micrometer.
Prokaryotes are metabolically flexible which help them to survive in the place where eukaryotes cannot survive.	Eukaryotes are metabolically less flexible than prokaryotes.
In prokaryotes, the electron transport chain is present in the plasma membrane.	In the eukaryotes, electron transport chain present in the inner membrane of mitochondria.