Mutations in the SCN1A voltage-gated sodium channel predispose people to neuron hyper-excitability and epilepsy. What part...
Mutations in the SCN1A voltage-gated sodium channel predispose people to neuron hyper-excitability and epilepsy. What part of SCN1A function do you think is affected by these mutations, and how might this explain the clinical phenotypes?
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Mutations in the SCN1A voltage-gated sodium channel predispose
people to neuron hyper-excitability and epilepsy. What part...
Assume a mutation of the gene coding for the voltage-gated sodium channel resulted in channels that...
Assume a mutation of the gene coding for the voltage-gated sodium channel resulted in channels that do not have the ball and chain part of the protein. Which of the following would you expect to see? a. A change in the ion selectivity of the channel of the mutated channels, allowing ions other than sodium to move through it. b. A change in the voltage sensitivity of the channel so that it does not open until more depolarized voltages. c....
What is the main function of the sodium potassium pump in the neuron? a. Establish concentration...
What is the main function of the sodium potassium pump in the neuron? a. Establish concentration gradients for sodium and potassium ions. b. Depolarize the membrane to threshold. c. Make the inside of the cell more negative than the outside. d. Make the inside of the cell more positive than the outside. e. Pump ions down their concentration gradients during an action potential. A patient of yours has been poisoned by a toxin which prevents fast repolarization of the membrane...
#1 Engineer a neuron that has a positive resting potential but propagates a signal through its...
#1 Engineer a neuron that has a positive resting potential but propagates a signal through its axon. You can design (1) your own ion pump and determine directionality of the pump (2) design voltage gated channels. You can use hypothetical negative N1-, N2-, etc.. and positive ions P1+, P2+, etc… #2 describe 3 channel related diseases; how does the mutation affects the function of the channel and what are the implications? What are the clinical symptoms exhibited by the affected...
Conotoxin is produced by marine cone snails. Among its effects is to block voltage-gated Ca2+ channels...
Conotoxin is produced by marine cone snails. Among its effects is to block voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in neurons. A. What anatomical part of a neuron would be affected by conotoxin? B. How would the neuron’s action potential be affected by conotoxin? Explain, using at least TWO of the following terms: threshold, depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization, summation, IPSP, EPSP, exocytosis C. If conotoxin affected a somatic motor neuron, would this toxin cause muscle weakness or increased muscle tension? Explain why.
You are studying the permeability on Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels involved in action potential generation. Predict what...
You are studying the permeability on Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels involved in action potential generation. Predict what would happen to the permeability of Sodium in the following cases (would it decrease, increase or stay the same?). Explain why you chose your answer. i.Increased receptor number. ii. Add a drug that make channel stay open longer. iii. Raise Vm above+35mV. iv.Lower Vm below -70mV. v.Add a drug that prevents channel opening. vi. Add more Na+ to the extracellular environment.
Conotoxin is produced by marine cone snails. Among its effects is to block voltage-gated Ca2+ channels...
Conotoxin is produced by marine cone snails. Among its effects is to block voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in neurons. A. What anatomical part of a neuron would be affected by conotoxin? B. How would the neuron’s action potential be affected by conotoxin? Explain, using at least TWO of the following terms: threshold, depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization, summation, IPSP, EPSP, exocytosis C. If conotoxin affected a somatic motor neuron, would this toxin cause muscle weakness or increased muscle tension? Explain why. 2.
1. You lowered a patch-clamp onto a single ion channel. How would you identify what ion...
1. You lowered a patch-clamp onto a single ion channel. How would you identify what ion species it conducts? 2. You lowered a patch-clamp onto a single ion channel, which was created from RNA that you modified from RNA for a voltage-gated sodium channel gene. Name at least one feature of that ion channel you could identify that might tell you something useful about what the piece of ion channel you modified, might do.
Neuron Signaling and Muscle Contraction 1) “Dissect” the various parts of an action potential by describing...
Neuron Signaling and Muscle Contraction 1) “Dissect” the various parts of an action potential by describing the status (active or nonactive) of the voltage-gated sodium channel, voltage-gated potassium channel, sodium/potassium pump, and overall voltage and/ or voltage range (in millivolts, or mV) for each of the following. A) Resting membrane (prior to the initiation of an action potential) B) just before threshold to just after threshold (Depolarization) C) Rising phase of the action potential D) Falling phase of the action...
A Draw graphs showing the effect on action potentials in a cell following effective doses of...
A Draw graphs showing the effect on action potentials in a cell following effective doses of each of the listed neurotoxins. Assume that the cell is normally brought to threshold by an electrical stimulus applied to it, so that any abnormality is due to the toxin. Precise values for voltage and duration are not important, just a general trend in how the action potential may be different from normal 1. puffer fish poison (blocks voltage-gated sodium channel activation) (25 Points)...
A. Draw graphs showing the effect on action potentials in a cell following effective doses of...
A. Draw graphs showing the effect on action potentials in a cell following effective doses of each of the listed neurotoxins Assume that the cell is normally brought to threshold by an electrical stimulus applied to it, so that any abnormality is due to the toxin. Precise values for voltage and duration are not important, just a general trend in how the action potential may be different from normal 1. puffer fish poison (blocks voltage-gated sodium channel activation) (25 Points)...
A Draw graphs showing the effect on action potentials in a cell following effective doses of each of the listed neurotoxins. Assume that the cell is normally brought to threshold by an electrical stimulus applied to it, so that any abnormality is due to the toxin. Precise values for voltage and duration are not important, just a general trend in how the action potential may be different from normal 1. puffer fish poison (blocks voltage-gated sodium channel activation) (25 Points)...
A. Draw graphs showing the effect on action potentials in a cell following effective doses of each of the listed neurotoxins Assume that the cell is normally brought to threshold by an electrical stimulus applied to it, so that any abnormality is due to the toxin. Precise values for voltage and duration are not important, just a general trend in how the action potential may be different from normal 1. puffer fish poison (blocks voltage-gated sodium channel activation) (25 Points)...
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