Question

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import array    # provides access to primitive arrays

    def copy(self):
        '''
        this behaves like a copy constructor that makes a detailed copy of self

        NOTE: the capacity of the copy matches the elements in self unless
              the bag is empty, in which case it should be at least 1

        Postcondition:
            x.copy() is x returns false
            type(x.copy()) == type(x)
            x.copy() == x

            internal capacity of copy is just enough to hold self.__used
            items

        Returns:    a new DoubleArrayBag object that contains a copy of all
                    the elements in self and its capacity is equal to
                    number of elements in this bag

        Raises:     MemoryError if dynamic memory allocation fails
        '''
        copyCapacity = self.__used
        if (copyCapacity < 1):
            copyCapacity = 1
        newBag = DoubleArrayBag(copyCapacity)
        # STUDENT IMPLEMENTATION GOES HERE
        #   must copy all elements from self.__data into
        #   the newBag and update any attributes to
        #   adhere to the class invariant

return newBag
    # end copy

def ensureCapacity(self, newCapacity: int):
        '''
        potentially increase capacity of the bag

        Precondition:   newCapacity must be an integer and > 0

        Postcondition: The bag's capacity is at least newCapacity.
                        If the capacity was already at or greater than
                        newCapacity, then the capacity is left
                        unchanged.

        Args:           newCapacity (int)

        Raises:         TypeError if newCapacity is not an integer
                        ValueError if newCapacity not > 1
                        MemoryError if dynamic memory exhausted
        '''
        if not isinstance(newCapacity, int):
            raise TypeError("newCapacity must be an integer")
        if not newCapacity >= 1:
            raise ValueError("newCapacity must be >= 1")

        if len(self.__data) < newCapacity:
            pass
            # STUDENT WORK GOES HERE
            #   create a new, bigger array with the capacity
            #   newCapacity, copy all the elements from
            #   self.__data into the new array, and then
            #   update the reference self.__data to refer
            #   to the new array
        # end if
    # end ensureCapacity

Answer 1

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import array # provides access to primitive arrays

def copy(self):
'''
this behaves like a copy constructor that makes a detailed copy of self

NOTE: the capacity of the copy matches the elements in self unless
the bag is empty, in which case it should be at least 1

Postcondition:
x.copy() is x returns false
type(x.copy()) == type(x)
x.copy() == x

internal capacity of copy is just enough to hold self.__used
items

Returns: a new DoubleArrayBag object that contains a copy of all
the elements in self and its capacity is equal to
number of elements in this bag

Raises: MemoryError if dynamic memory allocation fails
'''
copyCapacity = self.__used
if (copyCapacity < 1):
copyCapacity = 1
newBag = DoubleArrayBag(copyCapacity)
# STUDENT IMPLEMENTATION GOES HERE
# must copy all elements from self.__data into
# the newBag and update any attributes to
# adhere to the class invariant

n = len(self.__data) # calculate length of the data

for i in range(n):
newBag[i] = self.__data[i] # copy all elements into newBag

newBag.capacity = n # update the newBag capacity

       return newBag
# end copy

def ensureCapacity(self, newCapacity: int):
'''
potentially increase capacity of the bag

Precondition: newCapacity must be an integer and > 0

Postcondition: The bag's capacity is at least newCapacity.
If the capacity was already at or greater than
newCapacity, then the capacity is left
unchanged.

Args: newCapacity (int)

Raises: TypeError if newCapacity is not an integer
ValueError if newCapacity not > 1
MemoryError if dynamic memory exhausted
'''
if not isinstance(newCapacity, int):
raise TypeError("newCapacity must be an integer")
if not newCapacity >= 1:
raise ValueError("newCapacity must be >= 1")

if len(self.__data) < newCapacity:
pass
      
# STUDENT WORK GOES HERE
# create a new, bigger array with the capacity
# newCapacity, copy all the elements from
# self.__data into the new array, and then
# update the reference self.__data to refer
# to the new array
# end if

new_array = (newCapacity * ctypes.py_object)() # create a bigger array with newCapacity
n = len(self.__data) # calculate the length of data
for k in range(n):
new_array[k] = self.__data[k] # copy all the elements into the new array
self.__data = new_array # update the reference self.__data
self.capacity = newCapacity # update the capacity

# end ensureCapacity

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