Question

help me to answers all the question

1. What is Extracellular Matrix? What is it made of? More abundant in plant or animal cells?

2. What does Anchorage dependence mean?

3. What are the roles of ECM?

4. What are the different junctions in animal cells? Plant cells?

5. Which junctions in plant and animal cells are similar?

6. Explain how different junctions function.

7. Describe what plant cell walls are made of. What are some functional differences that we see in plants because of their cell walls?

Answer 1

Ans 1: Extra cellular matrix is a three dimensional network of extra cellular macromolecules released by the cells into the extra cellular space. It is made of a mesh work of proteins and carbohydrates. All cells including plant cells and animal cells will be surrounded by an extra cellular matrix. The cell wall of plant cells is a type of extra cellular matrix.The ECM can surround cells as fibrils that contact the cells on all sides in the case of animal cells.

Ans2: Anchorage dependence of cells means that the cell require a solid surface to get it proliferated or in other words, if they aren't adhered or anchored to a surface - such as a tissue in your body or a jar in a laboratory - they won't divide or reproduce.

Ans3:The ECM provides mechanical support to the cells, acts as a biochemical barrier and a medium for extracellular communication that is assisted by CAMs, the stable positioning of cells in tissues through cell matrix adhesion and the repositioning of cells by cell migration during cell development and wound repair.It also helps in regulation of cell division, cell motility & migration during embryonic development.

Ans4:Plasmodesmata are the junctions in plant cells where as in animal cells there are three types of junctions. (1)Adhesive junctions which holds cells together acting as "buttons" or "zippers" to maintain cells in fixed positions in tissues; example: desmosome; hemidesmosome anchors cells to extracellular matrix.(2)Tight junctions which close the spaces between cells to diffusion forming a dam that prevents the flow of ions, etc. through extracellular space; forms a continuous strap around cells lining body cavities (3) Gap or communicating junctions which make connections between cells that provide open (although regulated) channels to allow flow of molecules (ex. ions) from cell to cell.